Biofilms and Antibiotic Resistance Determination from Different Immunocompetent Patients with Salmonellosis

Mariam Ayad Abd ^1*, Sawsan Q. T. Al-Quhli ², Mahir Ali Jassim ³

This study discussed important information about antibiotic resistance and how harmful Salmonella bacteria are in Iraqi patients, helping to plan better public health measures.

Abstract

Background: Salmonellosis is an infectious disease due to presence of Salmonella enterica serovars, S. Typhi and S. Typhimurium. Our research demonstrated the antibiotic susceptibility, biofilm formation and isolation of Salmonella from patients. Methods: Biochemical tests and PCR analysis were employed to determine Salmonella isolates (83 isolates out of 217 samples) with the 16S rRNA gene detection. Microtiter plate assay was used to determine the biofilms formation on plastic surfaces. Results: 73.75% Salmonella was isolated from clinical samples. Antibiotic susceptibility showed that 85.18% of isolates from immunocompromised patients were sensitive to levofloxacin, and the rest were resistant to multiple antibiotics. 73.1% of S. Typhi were sensitive to levofloxacin among immunocompetent patients, and 69.23% were resistant to chloramphenicol. PCR test showed a rapid identification of Salmonella serovars. The results demonstrated the biofilm and isolates identification of Salmonella significantly. Increased multidrug resistance were observed from the results. Conclusion: The results showed Salmonella identification, antibiotic resistance, and molecular diagnosis strategy from clinical samples.

Keywords: Biofilm; Multidrug-resistant; Immunocompromised; Bacterial antibiotic susceptibility testing; Immunocompetent

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