References

Achouak W, Heulin T, Pagès J-M (2001) Multiple facets of bacterial porins. FEMS microbiology letters 199 (1):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10642.x

Ahmad I, Beg AZ (2001) Antimicrobial and phytochemical studies on 45 Indian medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant human pathogens. Journal of ethnopharmacology 74 (2):113-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00335-4

Al-Hatamleh MA, Hatmal MmM, Sattar K, Ahmad S, Mustafa MZ, Bittencourt MDC, Mohamud R (2020) Antiviral and immunomodulatory effects of phytochemicals from honey against COVID-19: Potential mechanisms of action and future directions. Molecules 25 (21):5017. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25215017

Alam M, Bano N, Ahmad T, Sharangi AB, Upadhyay TK, Alraey Y, Alabdallah NM, Rauf MA, Saeed M (2022) Synergistic Role of Plant Extracts and Essential Oils against Multi-drug Resistance and Gram-Negative Bacterial Strains Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases. Antibiotics 11 (7):855. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11070855

Anand J, Choudhary S, Rai N (2018) Lantana camara enhances antibacterial potency of antibiotics and exerts synergistic inhibitory effect against pathogenic bacterial species. Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine 18 (4):381-389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-018-0321-2

Asokan GV, Ramadhan T, Ahmed E, Sanad H (2019) WHO global priority pathogens list: a bibliometric analysis of Medline-PubMed for knowledge mobilization to infection prevention and control practices in Bahrain. Oman medical journal 34 (3):184. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2019.37

Aygül A (2015) The importance of efflux systems in antibiotic resistance and efflux pump inhibitors in the management of resistance. Mikrobiyoloji bulteni 49 (2):278-291. https://doi.org/10.5578/mb.8964

Bakkali F, Averbeck S, Averbeck D, Idaomar M (2008) Biological effects of essential oils–a review. Food and chemical toxicology 46 (2):446-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.106

Balaban NQ, Helaine S, Lewis K, Ackermann M, Aldridge B, Andersson DI, Brynildsen MP, Bumann D, Camilli A, Collins JJ (2019) Definitions and guidelines for research on antibiotic persistence. Nature Reviews Microbiology 17 (7):441-448. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-019-0196-3

Barbieri R, Coppo E, Marchese A, Daglia M, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM (2017) Phytochemicals for human disease: An update on plant-derived compounds antibacterial activity. Microbiological research 196:44-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2016.12.003

Barni M, Carlini M, Cafferata E, Puricelli L, Moreno S (2012) Carnosic acid inhibits the proliferation and migration capacity of human colorectal cancer cells. Oncology reports 27 (4):1041-1048. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2012.1630

Bhattacharya S, Chakraborty P, Sen D, Bhattacharjee C (2022) Kinetics of bactericidal potency with synergistic combination of allicin and selected antibiotics. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 133 (6):567-578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.02.007

Blair JM, Webber MA, Baylay AJ, Ogbolu DO, Piddock LJ (2015) Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. Nature reviews microbiology 13 (1):42-51. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3380

Boakye YD, Agyare C, Hensel A (2016) Anti-infective properties and time-kill kinetics of Phyllanthus muellerianus and its major constituent, geraniin. https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0444.1000332

Borlinghaus J, Albrecht F, Gruhlke MC, Nwachukwu ID, Slusarenko AJ (2014) Allicin: chemistry and biological properties. Molecules 19 (8):12591-12618. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190812591

Brackman G, Hillaert U, Van Calenbergh S, Nelis HJ, Coenye T (2009) Use of quorum sensing inhibitors to interfere with biofilm formation and development in Burkholderia multivorans and Burkholderia cenocepacia. Research in microbiology 160 (2):144-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resmic.2008.12.003

Brauner A, Fridman O, Gefen O, Balaban NQ (2016) Distinguishing between resistance, tolerance and persistence to antibiotic treatment. Nature Reviews Microbiology 14 (5):320-330. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2016.34

Cabrera C, Artacho R, Giménez R (2006) Beneficial effects of green tea—a review. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 25 (2):79-99. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2006.10719518

Cannatelli A, Principato S, Colavecchio OL, Pallecchi L, Rossolini GM (2018) Synergistic activity of colistin in combination with resveratrol against colistin-resistant gram-negative pathogens. Frontiers in Microbiology 9:1808. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01808

Cha S, Kim G-U, Cha J-D (2016) Synergistic antimicrobial activity of apigenin against oral pathogens. Int J Eng Res Sci 2:27-37

Chen X, Yin L, Peng L, Liang Y, Lv H, Ma T (2020) Synergistic effect and mechanism of plumbagin with gentamicin against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infection and drug resistance:2751-2759. https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s265753

Choi M, Kim S, Lee N, Rhee M (2013) New decontamination method based on caprylic acid in combination with citric acid or vanillin for eliminating Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in reconstituted infant formula. International journal of food microbiology 166 (3):499-507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.08.016

Christenhusz MJ, Byng JW (2016) The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase. Phytotaxa 261 (3):201–217-201–217. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1

Chung PY, Navaratnam P, Chung LY (2011) Synergistic antimicrobial activity between pentacyclic triterpenoids and antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus strains. Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials 10:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-0711-10-25

Costerton JW (1999) Introduction to biofilm. International journal of antimicrobial agents 11 (3-4):217-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00018-7

Coutinho HD, Costa JG, Lima EO, Falcão-Silva VS, Siqueira Júnior JP (2009) Herbal therapy associated with antibiotic therapy: potentiation of the antibiotic activity against methicillin–resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Turnera ulmifolia L. BMC complementary and alternative medicine 9:1-4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-9-13

Davies J (1994) Inactivation of antibiotics and the dissemination of resistance genes. Science 264 (5157):375-382

de Assis Souza M, de Castro MCB, de Oliveira AP, de Almeida AF, de Almeida TM, Reis LC, Medeiros ÂCR, de Brito MEF, Pereira VRA (2013) Cytokines and NO in American tegumentary leishmaniasis patients: profiles in active disease, after therapy and in self-healed individuals. Microbial pathogenesis 57:27-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2013.02.004

de Oliveira Santos JV, da Costa Júnior SD, de Fátima Ramos dos Santos Medeiros SM, Cavalcanti IDL, de Souza JB, Coriolano DL, da Silva WRC, Alves MHME, Cavalcanti IMF (2022) Panorama of bacterial infections caused by epidemic resistant strains. Current Microbiology 79 (6):175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-022-02875-9

Dever LA, Dermody TS (1991) Mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Archives of internal medicine 151 (5):886-895. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.151.5.886

Dhara L, Tripathi A (2020a) Cinnamaldehyde: a compound with antimicrobial and synergistic activity against ESBL-producing quinolone-resistant pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 39:65-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14737

Dhara L, Tripathi A (2020b) The use of eugenol in combination with cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin to combat ESBL-producing quinolone-resistant pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. Journal of Applied Microbiology 129 (6):1566-1576. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14737

Dighe NS, Pattan SR, Merekar AN, Laware RB, Bhawar SB, Nirmal SN, Gaware VM, Hole MB, Musmade DS (2010) Bromelain a wonder supplement: A review. Pharmacologyonline 1 (2):11-18

Diseases TLI (2017) Antibiotic research priorities: ready, set, now go. vol 17.

Du D, Wang-Kan X, Neuberger A, Van Veen HW, Pos KM, Piddock LJ, Luisi BF (2018) Multi-drug efflux pumps: structure, function and regulation. Nature Reviews Microbiology 16 (9):523-539. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-018-0048-6

Dufour D, Leung V, Lévesque CM (2010) Bacterial biofilm: structure, function, and antimicrobial resistance. Endodontic Topics 22 (1):2-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-1546.2012.00277.x

Dwivedi GR, Maurya A, Yadav DK, Singh V, Khan F, Gupta MK, Singh M, Darokar MP, Srivastava SK (2019) Synergy of clavine alkaloid ‘chanoclavine’with tetracycline against multi-drug-resistant E. coli. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 37 (5):1307-1325. https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2018.1458654

Ettefagh KA, Burns JT, Junio HA, Kaatz GW, Cech NB (2011) Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) extracts synergistically enhance the antibacterial activity of berberine via efflux pump inhibition. Planta medica 77 (08):835-840. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1250606

Eumkeb G, Siriwong S, Thumanu K (2012) Synergistic activity of luteolin and amoxicillin combination against amoxicillin-resistant Escherichia coli and mode of action. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 117:247-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.10.006

Farha AK, Yang Q-Q, Kim G, Li H-B, Zhu F, Liu H-Y, Gan R-Y, Corke H (2020) Tannins as an alternative to antibiotics. Food Bioscience 38:100751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100751

Feldberg RS, Chang S, Kotik A, Nadler M, Neuwirth Z, Sundstrom D, Thompson N (1988) In vitro mechanism of inhibition of bacterial cell growth by allicin. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 32 (12):1763-1768. https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.32.12.1763

Fernández L, Hancock RE (2012) Adaptive and mutational resistance: role of porins and efflux pumps in drug resistance. Clinical microbiology reviews 25 (4):661-681. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00043-12

Fisher RA, Gollan B, Helaine S (2017) Persistent bacterial infections and persister cells. Nature Reviews Microbiology 15 (8):453-464. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.42

Flemming H-CWJ (2016) Szewzyk U. Steinberg P. Rice SA Kjelleberg S. Nat Rev Microbiol 14:563. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2016.94

Gallage NJ, Møller BL (2015) Vanillin–bioconversion and bioengineering of the most popular plant flavor and its de novo biosynthesis in the vanilla orchid. Molecular plant 8 (1):40-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2014.11.008

Gan C, Langa E, Valenzuela A, Ballestero D, Pino-Otín MR (2023) Synergistic Activity of Thymol with Commercial Antibiotics against Critical and High WHO Priority Pathogenic Bacteria. Plants 12 (9):1868. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12091868

Gao M, Teplitski M, Robinson JB, Bauer WD (2003) Production of substances by Medicago truncatula that affect bacterial quorum sensing. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 16 (9):827-834. https://doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2003.16.9.827

George S, Bhasker S, Madhav H, Nair A, Chinnamma M (2014) Functional characterization of recombinant bromelain of Ananas comosus expressed in a prokaryotic system. Molecular biotechnology 56:166-174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-013-9692-2

Gollan B, Grabe G, Michaux C, Helaine S (2019) Bacterial persisters and infection: past, present, and progressing. Annual review of microbiology 73:359-385. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-micro-020518-115650

Guthrie AR, Chow HHS, Martinez JA (2017) Effects of resveratrol on drug-and carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes, implications for cancer prevention. Pharmacology research & perspectives 5 (1):e00294. https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.294

Hamilton AC (2004) Medicinal plants, conservation and livelihoods. Biodiversity & Conservation 13:1477-1517. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:bioc.0000021333.23413.42

Harborne J, Harborne J (1984) Organic acids, lipids and related compounds. Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis:142-175. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5570-7_4

Herrmann J, Lukežic T, Kling A, Baumann S, Hüttel S, Petkovic H, Müller R (2016) Strategies for the discovery and development of new antibiotics from natural products: three case studies. How to Overcome the Antibiotic Crisis: Facts, Challenges, Technologies and Future Perspectives:339-363. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2016_498

Horiuchi K, Shiota S, Kuroda T, Hatano T, Yoshida T, Tsuchiya T (2007) Potentiation of antimicrobial activity of aminoglycosides by carnosol from Salvia officinalis. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 30 (2):287-290. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.30.287

Hwang D, Lim Y-H (2015) Resveratrol antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli is mediated by Z-ring formation inhibition via suppression of FtsZ expression. Scientific reports 5 (1):10029. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10029

Imenshahidi M, Hosseinzadeh H (2016) Berberis vulgaris and berberine: an update review. Phytotherapy research 30 (11):1745-1764. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5693

Itzia Azucena R-C, José Roberto C-L, Martin Z-R, Rafael C-Z, Leonardo H-H, Gabriela T-P, Araceli C-R (2019) Drug susceptibility testing and synergistic antibacterial activity of curcumin with antibiotics against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Antibiotics 8 (2):43. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8020043

Jaberi S, Fallah F, Hashemi A, Karimi AM, Azimi L (2018) Inhibitory effects of curcumin on the expression of NorA efflux pump and reduce antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. J Pure Appl Microbiol 12 (1):95-102. https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.12.1.12

Jacoby GA (2009) AmpC β-lactamases. Clinical microbiology reviews 22 (1):161-182. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00036-08

Jafri H, Khan MSA, Ahmad I (2019) In vitro efficacy of eugenol in inhibiting single and mixed-biofilms of drug-resistant strains of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans. Phytomedicine 54:206-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.005

Kalia NP, Mahajan P, Mehra R, Nargotra A, Sharma JP, Koul S, Khan IA (2012) Capsaicin, a novel inhibitor of the NorA efflux pump, reduces the intracellular invasion of Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 67 (10):2401-2408. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dks232

Kalia VC (2013) Quorum sensing inhibitors: an overview. Biotechnology advances 31 (2):224-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.10.004

Khare T, Anand U, Dey A, Assaraf YG, Chen Z-S, Liu Z, Kumar V (2021) Exploring phytochemicals for combating antibiotic resistance in microbial pathogens. Frontiers in pharmacology 12:720726. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.720726

Khoddami A, Wilkes MA, Roberts TH (2013) Techniques for analysis of plant phenolic compounds. Molecules 18 (2):2328-2375. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules18022328

Khosravani M, Dallal MMS, Norouzi M (2020) Phytochemical composition and anti-efflux pump activity of hydroalcoholic, aqueous, and hexane extracts of artemisia tournefortiana in ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. Iranian Journal of Public Health 49 (1):134. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v49i1.3060

Klancnik A, Šimunovic K, Sterniša M, Ramic D, Smole Možina S, Bucar F (2021) Anti-adhesion activity of phytochemicals to prevent Campylobacter jejuni biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces. Phytochemistry Reviews 20:55-84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-020-09669-6

Kocaadam B, Sanlier N (2017) Curcumin, an active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), and its effects on health. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 57 (13):2889-2895. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2015.1077195

Kongkham B, Prabakaran D, Puttaswamy H (2020) Opportunities and challenges in managing antibiotic resistance in bacteria using plant secondary metabolites. Fitoterapia 147:104762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104762

Kumar K, Sabu V, Sindhu G, Rauf A, Helen A (2018) Isolation, identification and characterization of apigenin from Justicia gendarussa and its anti-inflammatory activity. International immunopharmacology 59:157-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2018.04.004

Kumar K, Vijayalakshmi K (2011) GC-MS analysis of phytochemical constituents in ethanolic extract of Punica granatum peel and Vitis vinifera seeds. IJPBS 2:B461-B468

Laddomada F, Miyachiro MM, Dessen A (2016) Structural insights into protein-protein interactions involved in bacterial cell wall biogenesis. Antibiotics 5 (2):14. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics5020014

Laxminarayan R, Van Boeckel T, Frost I, Kariuki S, Khan EA, Limmathurotsakul D, Larsson DJ, Levy-Hara G, Mendelson M, Outterson K (2020) The Lancet Infectious Diseases Commission on antimicrobial resistance: 6 years later. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 20 (4):e51-e60. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30003-7

Levy SB (1992) Active efflux mechanisms for antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 36 (4):695-703. https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.36.4.695

Lewis K (2007) Persister cells, dormancy and infectious disease. Nature Reviews Microbiology 5 (1):48-56. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1557

Li W, O'Brien-Simpson NM, Holden JA, Otvos L, Reynolds EC, Separovic F, Hossain MA, Wade JD (2018) Covalent conjugation of cationic antimicrobial peptides with a β-lactam antibiotic core. Peptide Science 110 (3):e24059. https://doi.org/10.1002/pep2.24059

Lima VN, Oliveira-Tintino CD, Santos ES, Morais LP, Tintino SR, Freitas TS, Geraldo YS, Pereira RL, Cruz RP, Menezes IR (2016) Antimicrobial and enhancement of the antibiotic activity by phenolic compounds: Gallic acid, caffeic acid and pyrogallol. Microbial pathogenesis 99:56-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2016.08.004

Madigan MT, Martinko J, Parker J (2003) Brock: Biología de los microorganismos 10 Ed. Editorial Pearson Prentice Hall Iberia, Madrid Pp 1064

Magiorakos A-P, Srinivasan A, Carey RB, Carmeli Y, Falagas M, Giske C, Harbarth S, Hindler J, Kahlmeter G, Olsson-Liljequist B (2012) Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clinical microbiology and infection 18 (3):268-281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x

Mansoori A, Singh N, Dubey SK, Thakur TK, Alkan N, Das SN, Kumar A (2020) Phytochemical characterization and assessment of crude extracts from Lantana camara L. for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Frontiers in Agronomy 2:582268. https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2020.582268

Mishra A, Sharma AK, Kumar S, Saxena AK, Pandey AK (2013) Bauhinia variegata leaf extracts exhibit considerable antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. BioMed Research International. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/915436

Morar M, Wright GD (2010) The genomic enzymology of antibiotic resistance. Annual review of genetics 44:25-51. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-102209-163517

Mulvey MA, Schilling JD, Hultgren SJ (2001) Establishment of a persistent Escherichia coli reservoir during the acute phase of a bladder infection. Infection and immunity 69 (7):4572-4579. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.7.4572-4579.2001

Munita JM, Arias CA (2016) Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. Virulence mechanisms of bacterial pathogens:481-511. https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555819286.ch17

Muralidharan K, Jayanthi M, Surendran R, Balasubramanian M, Girija S (2018) Effect of sample extraction, preparation methods on HPLC quantification of plumbagin in in vivo and in vitro plant parts of Plumbago zeylanica L. African Journal of Biotechnology 17 (33):1021-1030. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb2018.16561

Murray CJ, Ikuta KS, Sharara F, Swetschinski L, Aguilar GR, Gray A, Han C, Bisignano C, Rao P, Wool E (2022) Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. The Lancet 399 (10325):629-655. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(22)00947-3

Nakae T (1976) Identification of the outer membrane protein of E. coli that produces transmembrane channels in reconstituted vesicle membranes. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 71 (3):877-884. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(76)90913-x

Ni N, Choudhary G, Li M, Wang B (2008) Pyrogallol and its analogs can antagonize bacterial quorum sensing in Vibrio harveyi. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 18 (5):1567-1572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.081

Nishino K, Yamasaki S, Nakashima R, Zwama M, Hayashi-Nishino M (2021) Function and inhibitory mechanisms of multi-drug efflux pumps. Frontiers in Microbiology 12:737288. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737288

Noorhosseini SA, Fallahi E, Damalas CA (2020) Promoting cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants for natural resource management and livelihood enhancement in Iran. Environment, Development and Sustainability 22:4007-4024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-019-00368-7

Ohene-Agyei T, Mowla R, Rahman T, Venter H (2014) Phytochemicals increase the antibacterial activity of antibiotics by acting on a drug efflux pump. Microbiologyopen 3 (6):885-896. https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.212

Ojeda-Sana AM, Repetto V, Moreno S (2013) Carnosic acid is an efflux pumps modulator by dissipation of the membrane potential in Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 29:137-144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-012-1166-3

Okano A, Isley NA, Boger DL (2017) Peripheral modifications of [Ψ [CH2NH] Tpg4] vancomycin with added synergistic mechanisms of action provide durable and potent antibiotics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114 (26):E5052-E5061. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1704125114

Över U, Gür D, Ünal S, Miller G, Group ARS (2001) The changing nature of aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms and prevalence of newly recognized resistance mechanisms in Turkey. Clinical microbiology and infection 7 (9):470-478. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1198-743x.2001.00284.x

P Tegos G, Haynes M, Jacob Strouse J, Md T Khan M, G Bologa C, I Oprea T, A Sklar L (2011) Microbial efflux pump inhibition: tactics and strategies. Current pharmaceutical design 17 (13):1291-1302. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161211795703726

Pages J-M, James CE, Winterhalter M (2008) The porin and the permeating antibiotic: a selective diffusion barrier in Gram-negative bacteria. Nature Reviews Microbiology 6 (12):893-903. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1994

Pan S-Y, Zhou S-F, Gao S-H, Yu Z-L, Zhang S-F, Tang M-K, Sun J-N, Ma D-L, Han Y-F, Fong W-F (2013) New perspectives on how to discover drugs from herbal medicines: CAM's outstanding contribution to modern therapeutics. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/627375

Papenfort K, Bassler BL (2016) Quorum sensing signal–response systems in Gram-negative bacteria. Nature Reviews Microbiology 14 (9):576-588. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2016.89

Patel YS, Mistry N, Mehra S (2019) Repurposing artemisinin as an anti-mycobacterial agent in synergy with rifampicin. Tuberculosis 115:146-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2019.03.004

Perumal Samy R, Gopalakrishnakone P (2010) Therapeutic potential of plants as anti-microbials for drug discovery. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 7 (3):283-294. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nen036

Piddock LJ (2012) The crisis of no new antibiotics—what is the way forward? The Lancet infectious diseases 12 (3):249-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(11)70316-4

Pinto HB, Brust FR, Macedo AJ, Trentin DS (2020) The antivirulence compound myricetin possesses remarkable synergistic effect with antibacterials upon multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Microbial Pathogenesis 149:104571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104571

Poole K (2004) Resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences CMLS 61:2200-2223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-004-4060-9

Prasch S, Duran AG, Chinchilla N, Molinillo JM, Macías FA, Bucar F (2019) Resistance modulatory and efflux-inhibitory activities of capsaicinoids and capsinoids. Bioorganic Chemistry 82:378-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.062

Qi L, Liang R, Duan J, Song S, Pan Y, Liu H, Zhu M, Li L (2022) Synergistic antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of resveratrol and polymyxin B against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The Journal of Antibiotics 75 (10):567-575. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41429-022-00555-1

Rafiq Z, Narasimhan S, Haridoss M, Vennila R, Vaidyanathan R (2017) Punica granatum rind extract: Antibiotic potentiator and efflux pump inhibitor of multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 10:1-5. https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i3.16000

Rana V, Abirami K, Blázquez M, Maiti S (2013) Essential oil composition of Artemisia annua L. at different growth stages. Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops 22 (2)

Randall CP, Mariner KR, Chopra I, O'Neill AJ (2013) The target of daptomycin is absent from Escherichia coli and other gram-negative pathogens. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 57 (1):637-639. https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.02005-12

Razzaque MS (2021) Implementation of antimicrobial stewardship to reduce antimicrobial drug resistance. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 19 (5):559-562. https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2021.1840977

Reiter J, Levina N, Van der Linden M, Gruhlke M, Martin C, Slusarenko AJ (2017) Diallylthiosulfinate (Allicin), a volatile antimicrobial from garlic (Allium sativum), kills human lung pathogenic bacteria, including MDR strains, as a vapor. Molecules 22 (10):1711. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22101711

Rossi B, Toschi A, Piva A, Grilli E (2020) Single components of botanicals and nature-identical compounds as a non-antibiotic strategy to ameliorate health status and improve performance in poultry and pigs. Nutrition Research Reviews 33 (2):218-234. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954422420000013

Sanhueza L, Melo R, Montero R, Maisey K, Mendoza L, Wilkens M (2017) Synergistic interactions between phenolic compounds identified in grape pomace extract with antibiotics of different classes against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. PloS one 12 (2):e0172273. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172273

Santajit S, Indrawattana N (2016) Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in ESKAPE pathogens. BioMed research international 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2475067

Scientific T (2013) Methods Optimization in Accelerated Solvent Extraction. Technical Note 208:

Shaikh MF, Sathaye S (2011) Anticonvulsant activity of Eclipta alba using experimental models of epilepsy. Epilepsia 52:262

Shaw K, Rather P, Hare R, Miller G (1993) Molecular genetics of aminoglycoside resistance genes and familial relationships of the aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Microbiological reviews 57 (1):138-163. https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.57.1.138-163.1993

Shimizu M, Shiota S, Mizushima T, Ito H, Hatano T, Yoshida T, Tsuchiya T (2001) Marked potentiation of activity of β-lactams against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by corilagin. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 45 (11):3198-3201. https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.11.3198-3201.2001

Shreaz S, Wani WA, Behbehani JM, Raja V, Irshad M, Karched M, Ali I, Siddiqi WA, Hun LT (2016) Cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives, a novel class of antifungal agents. Fitoterapia 112:116-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2016.05.016

Singkham-In U, Higgins PG, Wannigama DL, Hongsing P, Chatsuwan T (2020) Rescued chlorhexidine activity by resveratrol against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii via down-regulation of AdeB efflux pump. PLoS One 15 (12):e0243082. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243082

Siriwong S, Teethaisong Y, Thumanu K, Dunkhunthod B, Eumkeb G (2016) The synergy and mode of action of quercetin plus amoxicillin against amoxicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 17 (1):1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-016-0083-8

Son E-W, Mo S-J, Rhee D-K, Pyo S (2006) Inhibition of ICAM-1 expression by garlic component, allicin, in gamma-irradiated human vascular endothelial cells via downregulation of the JNK signaling pathway. International immunopharmacology 6 (12):1788-1795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2006.07.021

Song X, Tan L, Wang M, Ren C, Guo C, Yang B, Ren Y, Cao Z, Li Y, Pei J (2021) Myricetin: A review of the most recent research. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 134:111017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111017

Suganya T, Packiavathy IASV, Aseervatham G, Carmona A, Rashmi V, Mariappan S, Devi NR, Ananth DA (2022) Tackling multiple-drug-resistant bacteria with conventional and complex phytochemicals. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology:671. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.883839

Taghavifar S, Afroughi F, Saadati Keyvan M (2022) Curcumin nanoparticles improved diabetic wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus sensitized with HAMLET. The international journal of lower extremity wounds 21 (2):141-153. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734620933079

Uddin Mahamud AS, Nahar S, Ashrafudoulla M, Park SH, Ha S-D (2022) Insights into antibiofilm mechanisms of phytochemicals: Prospects in the food industry. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition:1-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2022.2119201

Ulanowska K, Tkaczyk A, Konopa G, Wegrzyn G (2006) Differential antibacterial activity of genistein arising from global inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in some bacterial strains. Archives of microbiology 184:271-278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-005-0063-7

Vaou N, Stavropoulou E, Voidarou C, Tsigalou C, Bezirtzoglou E (2021) Towards advances in medicinal plant antimicrobial activity: A review study on challenges and future perspectives. Microorganisms 9 (10):2041. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102041

Varilla C, Marcone M, Paiva L, Baptista J (2021) Bromelain, a group of pineapple proteolytic complex enzymes (Ananas comosus) and their possible therapeutic and clinical effects. A summary. Foods 10 (10):2249. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10102249

Vázquez NM, Fiorilli G, Guido PAC, Moreno S (2016) Carnosic acid acts synergistically with gentamicin in killing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates. Phytomedicine 23 (12):1337-1343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2016.07.010

Velayati AA, Masjedi MR, Farnia P, Tabarsi P, Ghanavi J, ZiaZarifi AH, Hoffner SE (2009) Emergence of new forms of totally drug-resistant tuberculosis bacilli: super extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis or totally drug-resistant strains in Iran. Chest 136 (2):420-425. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-2427

Vinciguerra V, Rojas F, Tedesco V, Giusiano G, Angiolella L (2019) Chemical characterization and antifungal activity of Origanum vulgare, Thymus vulgaris essential oils and carvacrol against Malassezia furfur. Natural Product Research 33 (22):3273-3277. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2018.1468325

Wang D, Xie K, Zou D, Meng M, Xie M (2018a) Inhibitory effects of silybin on the efflux pump of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Molecular medicine reports 18 (1):827-833. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9021

Wang Y-m, Kong L-c, Liu J, Ma H-x (2018b) Synergistic effect of eugenol with Colistin against clinical isolated Colistin-resistant Escherichia coli strains. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control 7 (1):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-018-0303-7

Whelan S, O’Grady MC, Corcoran D, Finn K, Lucey B (2020) Uropathogenic Escherichia coli biofilm-forming capabilities are not predictable from clinical details or from colonial morphology. Diseases 8 (2):11. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases8020011

Wiedemann B (1986) Genetic and biochemical basis of resistance of Enterobacteriaceae to β-lactam antibiotics. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 18 (Supplement_B):31-38. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/18.supplement_b.31

Wijesundara NM, Lee SF, Cheng Z, Davidson R, Rupasinghe HV (2021) Carvacrol exhibits rapid bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pyogenes through cell membrane damage. Scientific reports 11 (1):1487. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79713-0

Wojtyczka RD, Dziedzic A, Kepa M, Kubina R, Kabala-Dzik A, Mularz T, Idzik D (2014) Berberine enhances the antibacterial activity of selected antibiotics against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains in vitro. Molecules 19 (5):6583-6596. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19056583

Xu X, Zhou XD, Wu CD (2012) Tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate inhibits Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation by suppressing gtf genes. Archives of oral biology 57 (6):678-683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.10.021

Zahoor M, Shah AB, Naz S, Ullah R, Bari A, Mahmood HM (2020) Isolation of quercetin from Rubus fruticosus, their concentration through NF/RO membranes, and recovery through carbon nanocomposite. A pilot plant study. BioMed Research International 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8216435

Zeng Q, Che Y, Zhang Y, Chen M, Guo Q, Zhang W (2020) Thymol Isolated from Thymus vulgaris L. inhibits colorectal cancer cell growth and metastasis by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Drug Design, Development and Therapy:2535-2547. https://doi.org/10.2147/dddt.s254218

Zhang D, Hu Y, Zhu Q, Huang J, Chen Y (2020) Proteomic interrogation of antibiotic resistance and persistence in Escherichia coli–progress and potential for medical research. Expert Review of Proteomics 17 (5):393-409. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789450.2020.1784731

Zhao W-H, Hu Z-Q, Okubo S, Hara Y, Shimamura T (2001) Mechanism of synergy between epigallocatechin gallate and β-lactams against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 45 (6):1737-1742. https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.6.1737-1742.2001

Zheng D, Huang C, Huang H, Zhao Y, Khan MRU, Zhao H, Huang L (2020) Antibacterial mechanism of curcumin: A review. Chemistry & Biodiversity 17 (8):e2000171. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202000171

Zhou Y, Liu B, Chu X, Su J, Xu L, Li L, Deng X, Li D, Lv Q, Wang J (2022) Commercialized artemisinin derivatives combined with colistin protect against critical Gram-negative bacterial infection. Communications Biology 5 (1):931. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03898-5

Zilberberg MD, Shorr AF, Micek ST, Vazquez-Guillamet C, Kollef MH (2014) Multi-drug resistance, inappropriate initial antibiotic therapy and mortality in Gram-negative severe sepsis and septic shock: a retrospective cohort study. Critical care 18 (6):1-13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-014-0596-8