Emergence of Antibiotic-Resistant Infections in ICU Patients
Md. Tahsin Salam1, Kaniz Fatima Bari2, Md Mostafizur Rahman3, Dewan Muhammad Mahmudul Gafur1, Md. Omar Faruk4, Khurshida Akter5, Farhana Irin6, Md Rahatul Ashakin7, Tanim Ahmed shaikat8, Ashik Chandra Das9, Tufael10, Mahmudul Hasan Mithun11, Atiqur Rahman Sunny10
Journal of Angiotherapy 8(5) 1-9 https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.859560
Submitted: 26 March 2024 Revised: 13 May 2024 Published: 15 May 2024
Abstract
The fate of critically ill patients with infections in intensive care units (ICUs) is significantly influenced by antimicrobial resistance, which has become a serious concern in developing nations. This observational study, conducted over a 12-month period from January 2021 to December 2021, aimed to track the pattern of antibiotic resistance among patients admitted to the ICU. Among the 200 patients, the most common main diagnoses were aspiration pneumonia (29%) and diabetes mellitus (24%). Out of 250 samples, 65 samples (26%) yielded 85 bacterial isolates. The most frequently found sites of infection were tracheal aspirate (64.71%) and urine (14.12%). From the tracheal aspirate samples, the most frequently isolated microorganisms were Pseudomonas spp. (30.59%), Escherichia coli (24.71%), Acinetobacter spp. (20%), and Klebsiella spp. (14.12%). The antibiotics with the highest overall resistance patterns were levofloxacin (68.24%), amikacin (64.71%), meropenem (49.41%), ceftazidime (75.29%), ciprofloxacin (78.82%), and gentamicin (82.35%). The most effective antibiotic against Klebsiella species was meropenem (64.61%), while Acinetobacter species were mostly susceptible to cotrimoxazole (64.67%) and piperacillin + tazobactam (60.50%). Escherichia coli showed the highest susceptibility to netilmicin (70.48%) and meropenem (49.32%), whereas Pseudomonas spp. were mostly responsive to colistin (55.14%) and netilmicin (52.25%). Antibiotic resistance is common among ICU patients, with most isolated microbes showing resistance to traditional antibiotics.
Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Nosocomial infections, ICU morbidity, Multidrug-resistant bacteria, Empirical antibiotic therapy
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