Angiogenesis, Inflammation & Therapeutics | Impact 0.1 (CiteScore) | Online ISSN  2207-872X
REVIEWS   (Open Access)

Vitamin Supplementation in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Systematic Review

Naina Bhoyar 1*, Aayush Vaishnaw 1

+ Author Affiliations

Journal of Angiotherapy 8(9) 1-6 https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.899888

Submitted: 01 July 2024  Revised: 10 September 2024  Published: 11 September 2024 

This review determines the impact of vitamins in CVD prevention, revealing B, D, and E's efficacy while questioning multivitamin use.

Abstract


Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, contributing to a significant public health burden. While pharmaceutical interventions like statins are effective, the increasing interest in non-pharmaceutical approaches has sparked debates on the role of vitamin supplementation in CVD prevention. Despite some studies suggesting benefits from vitamins with antioxidant properties, evidence remains inconclusive. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of various vitamins in reducing CVD risk using a network meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic review and network meta-analysis were conducted on clinical trials investigating vitamin supplementation for CVD prevention. Data were sourced from MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and other databases. Studies were selected based on specific criteria, including randomized controlled trials with at least six months of follow-up and reported CVD outcomes. The primary outcomes included CVD mortality and risk of heart disease, while secondary outcomes focused on stroke and myocardial infarction. A random-effects model was employed to calculate risk ratios (RR), and meta-regression analyses explored the relationship between vitamin use and lipid levels. Discussion: The analysis revealed that vitamins B, D, and E were particularly effective in reducing CVD risk. However, there was no significant added benefit from combining multiple vitamins over using individual vitamins. While niacin showed potential benefits in reducing stroke and coronary artery disease in statin-intolerant populations, its overall impact on CVD mortality was not significant. Conclusion: This review provides valuable insights into the role of vitamins in CVD prevention, demonstrating that individual vitamins like B, D, and E are effective in reducing risk, while multivitamin combinations offer no additional advantage. The lack of correlation between HDL-C changes and CVD outcomes suggests that future research should focus on other mechanisms beyond lipid management.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), Vitamin supplementation, Antioxidants, Niacin, Meta-analysis

References


Andrade, C. (2023). Understanding the 95% confidence interval around the relative risk, odds ratio, and hazard ratio is as simple as it gets. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 84(3), 47304.

Begum, H. M. (2022). Scientometric analysis of the research paper output on artificial intelligence: A review. Indian Journal of Information Sources and Services, 12(1), 52–58.

Camgözlü, Y., & Kutlu, Y. (2023). Leaf image classification based on pre-trained convolutional neural network models. Natural and Engineering Sciences, 8(3), 214-232.

Chieng, D., & Kistler, P. M. (2022). Coffee and tea on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, 32(7), 399-405.

Cosentino, N., Campodonico, J., Milazzo, V., De Metrio, M., Brambilla, M., Camera, M., & Marenzi, G. (2021). Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease: current evidence and future perspectives. Nutrients, 13(10), 3603.

Eichler, H. G., Pignatti, F., Schwarzer-Daum, B., Hidalgo-Simon, A., Eichler, I., Arlett, P., ... & Rasi, G. (2021). Randomized controlled trials versus objective world evidence: neither magic nor myth. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 109(5), 1212-1218.

Ingles, D. P., Cruz Rodriguez, J. B., & Garcia, H. (2020). Supplemental vitamins and minerals for cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment. Current Cardiology Reports, 22, 1-8.

Jairath, V., Chan, K., Lasch, K., Keeping, S., Agboton, C., Blake, A., & Patel, H. (2021). Integrating efficacy and safety of vedolizumab compared with other advanced therapies to assess net clinical benefit of ulcerative colitis treatments: a network meta-analysis. Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 15(6), 711-722.

Lavanya, P., Subba, R. I. V., Selvakumar, V., & Deshpande, S. V. (2024). An intelligent health surveillance system: Predictive modeling of cardiovascular parameters through machine learning algorithms using LoRa communication and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). Journal of Internet Services and Information Security, 14(1), 165-179.

Loftfield, E., O’Connell, C. P., Abnet, C. C., Graubard, B. I., Liao, L. M., Freeman, L. E. B., & Sinha, R. (2024). Multivitamin use and mortality risk in 3 prospective US cohorts. JAMA Network Open, 7(6), e2418729-e2418729.

O'Dea, R. E., Lagisz, M., Jennions, M. D., Koricheva, J., Noble, D. W., Parker, T. H., ... & Nakagawa, S. (2021). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses in ecology and evolutionary biology: A PRISMA extension. Biological Reviews, 96(5), 1695-1722.

Satish, S., & Herald, A. R. (2024). Fuzzy attention U-Net architecture based localization and YOLOv5 detection for fetal cardiac ultrasound images. Journal of Wireless Mobile Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Dependable Applications, 15(1), 01-16.

Surendar, A., Veerappan, S., Sadulla, S., & Arvinth, N. (2024). Lung cancer segmentation and detection using KMP algorithm. Onkologia i Radioterapia, 18(4), 1-8.

Xue, R., Li, Q., Geng, Y., Wang, H., Wang, F., & Zhang, S. (2021). Abdominal obesity and risk of CVD: A dose-response meta-analysis of thirty-one prospective studies. British Journal of Nutrition, 126(9), 1420-1430.

Zhang, S., Li, L., Chen, W., Xu, S., Feng, X., & Zhang, L. (2021). Natural products: The role and mechanism in low-density lipoprotein oxidation and atherosclerosis. Phytotherapy Research, 35(6), 2945-2967.

Full Text
Export Citation

View Dimensions


View Plumx



View Altmetric



0
Save
0
Citation
57
View
0
Share