Advancements, Applications, and Future Directions of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Syed Mosaddik Hossain Ifty ¹, Farhana Irin ², Md Shihab Sadik Shovon ³, Mohammad Hamid Hasan Amjad ³, Proshanta Kumar Bhowmik ^3*, Raju Ahmed ⁴, Md Rahatul Ashakin ⁵, Bayazid Hossain ⁶, Mushfiq ¹, Abdus Sattar ⁷, Redoyan Chowdhury ⁸, Atiqur Rahman Sunny ^7*

This review discusses the AI's transformative role in healthcare, focusing on patient care, diagnostics, early detection, and cost reduction.

Abstract

Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare represents a transformative shift in medical procedures, offering substantial benefits across various domains. With advancements in AI technologies such as machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), healthcare systems are witnessing improvements in early detection, patient treatment, and overall administration. This article traces the evolution of AI, from foundational contributions by Alan Turing during World War II to contemporary applications like ChatGPT, and examines the impact of AI in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes. Methods: This comprehensive review analyzes the existing literature on AI applications in healthcare, focusing on various AI methodologies and their integration into clinical settings. It evaluates the effectiveness of AI in processing large datasets, improving diagnostic precision, and facilitating data-driven decision-making. The study also explores the ethical, legal, and technical challenges associated with AI deployment in medical environments. Results: AI technologies have demonstrated significant improvements in healthcare, particularly in early disease detection, personalized treatment plans, and resource management. The use of AI in analyzing vast medical datasets has enhanced diagnostic accuracy, reduced costs, and optimized patient care. However, challenges related to ethical considerations, patient privacy, and system reliability remain critical barriers to full-scale AI adoption. Conclusion: Despite the challenges, AI is positioned as an indispensable tool in modern medicine, capable of enhancing preventive care, personalizing treatments, and improving healthcare delivery. This review proposes a framework for evaluating the benefits, challenges, and strategies of AI integration in healthcare. Further research is essential to maximize AI's potential while addressing ethical and practical concerns, ensuring safe and effective implementation in clinical settings.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Medical System, Smart Healthcare, Diagnosis, Machine Learning

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