Bibliometric Analysis of the Health Belief Model in Healthcare Workers: Trends, Insights, and Future Directions

Aini Muzayyana ^1*, Qurratul Aini ¹

Provides a comprehensive analysis of HBM research trends among healthcare workers, highlighting gaps and informing future research and policy.

Abstract

Background: The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a pivotal framework in understanding health-related behaviors and decision-making processes among individuals, particularly healthcare workers. Developed in the 1950s, the HBM emphasizes the role of perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and individual characteristics in shaping health behaviors. It has been extensively applied to explore preventive health behaviors among healthcare professionals worldwide. Methods: This study employs a qualitative methodology combined with a systematic literature review approach using the Scopus database. The search criteria included articles published from January 2014 to December 2023, focusing on the application of the HBM in healthcare workers. A total of 940 articles were initially identified, with final inclusion based on relevance to the fields of Medicine and Health Professions, resulting in 690 documents. Data analysis utilized VOSviewer software for bibliometric visualization and analysis of keyword trends. Results: Between 2014 and 2023, scholarly interest in the HBM among healthcare workers has steadily increased, with a peak in publications noted in 2021 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Key topics explored include vaccine acceptance, infection control practices, and health screening behaviors. The United States emerged as the leading country in HBM research output, followed by Iran and China. Notable authors contributing to this body of literature include Wong, L.P., and Guidry, J.P.D., among others. Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis underscored the growing relevance of the Health Belief Model in understanding health behaviors among healthcare workers globally.

Keywords: Health Belief Model, healthcare workers, bibliometric analysis, research trends, preventive health behaviors

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