Impact of Serum Biomarkers Level of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23, Sialic Acids, and Albumin for Alzheimer’s Disease

Hashim Abdul-Sattar J. Al-Bajalani ^1*

This study demonstrated a potential biomarkers and mechanisms underlying AD pathology for novel therapeutic strategies in future. Understanding serum biomarkers and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial for early diagnosis and targeted interventions.

Abstract

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the dementias members, which is a critical health and societal burdens. Neurofibrillary tangle and senile plaques pathologically characterize it with no clear diagnostic markers. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)23 and Sialic Acids (Sias) are in cell signaling and antioxidative defenses, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) connected with neurodegeneration. This article examined serum levels of FGF23, Malondialdehyde (MDA) as lipid peroxidation markers, Sialic Acids (Sias), and albumin in AD people in terms of age-matched healthy people. Method: This case-control had 17 AD patients and 17 controls examined terms for serum levels of FGF23, Sias, malondialdehyde (MDA), and albumin. Results:  According to the Biochemical tests, serum FGF23 and MDA levels in AD patients were significantly higher in relation to the controls (p < 0.05). Also, in the AD patients, serum Sias and albumin were low. Also, in the patients, serum MDA levels negatively correlated with normalized global gray matter volume (GMV), adjusted for sex, age, and Child-Pugh class. Conclusion: The potential of FGF23, MDA, Sias, and albumin as biomarkers for AD was underscored. More studies are need to explain their roles in AD pathogenesis. Lowe FGF23 in AD requires regulating disrupted phosphates and neuroprotection mechanisms. Higher MDA indicated low lipid peroxidation which contributes to neuronal damages. Low Sias possibly damages antioxidative defenses, exacerbating oxidative stresses. Low albumin levels are in correlation with cognitive and oxidative damage in AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, Serum biomarkers, Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), Oxidative stress, Sialic acid (SA)

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