Microbial Bioactives
Microbial Bioactives | Online ISSN 2209-2161
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Volume 5 Number 2 2022
REVIEWS (Open Access)
Aspergillus oryzae in Sustainable Ruminant Nutrition: Microbial Feed Biotechnology, Ruminal Efficiency, and Environmental Implications in Modern Livestock Systems
Md Shariful Islam 1*, Shahadat Hossain 2*, Md Lipon Talukdar 1, Md Zahirul Islam 1, Prantor Karmaker 1, Md Mehedi Hasan 1, Md Mazharul Islam 1, Syed Sarwar Jahan 1
Microbial Bioactives 5 (2) 1-8 https://doi.org/10.25163/microbbioacts.5210709
Submitted: 14 April 2022 Revised: 08 June 2022 Accepted: 16 June 2022 Published: 18 June 2022
Abstract
The growing demand for animal-derived food products has intensified pressure on livestock systems to become simultaneously more productive, resource-efficient, and environmentally sustainable. Within this context, Aspergillus oryzae has gradually emerged as a potentially valuable microbial feed resource, although its role in ruminant nutrition still appears somewhat underexplored and, at times, inconsistently interpreted across studies. This systematic review and meta-analytic assessment synthesized evidence from nine independent studies investigating the effects of A. oryzae supplementation on ruminal fermentation, milk production, feed utilization, and broader sustainability-related outcomes in ruminant systems. The findings generally indicated favorable effects on fiber degradation, volatile fatty acid production, nutrient digestibility, and feed conversion efficiency. Moderate improvements in milk yield and milk composition were observed in several dairy-focused trials, particularly under balanced fiber-rich feeding conditions. Nevertheless, responses varied according to supplementation dosage, physiological stage, diet composition, and experimental duration, suggesting that fungal supplementation may function more as a ruminal efficiency modulator than a universal production stimulant. Beyond nutritional performance, A. oryzae also demonstrated potential relevance within circular bioeconomy strategies through the valorization of agro-industrial residues and possible methane mitigation effects. However, biosafety concerns linked to wastewater-derived substrates and inconsistencies in methodological reporting remain important limitations. Overall, the evidence supports A. oryzae as a promising multifunctional feed biotechnology with potential applications in sustainable livestock production, although further standardized large-scale investigations remain necessary.
Keywords: Aspergillus oryzae, ruminant nutrition; microbial feed biotechnology; ruminal fermentation; sustainable livestock; single-cell protein; methane mitigation
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