References
Acehan, S., Satar, S., Gulen, M., & Avci, A. (2021). Evaluation of corrosive poisoning in adult patients. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 39, 65–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.01.016
Anderson, K. D., Rouse, T. M., & Randolph, J. G. (1990). A controlled trial of corticosteroids in children with corrosive injury of the esophagus. The New England Journal of Medicine, 323(10), 637–640. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199009063231004
Bahrami-Motlagh, H., Hadizadeh-Neisanghalb, M., & Peyvandi, H. (2017). Diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography scan in detection of upper gastrointestinal tract injuries following caustic ingestion. Emergency (Tehran), 5(1), e61.
Bentur, Y., Slotky, M., Fischer, D., Shreter, R., & Lurie, Y. (2014). The role of chest and abdominal computed tomography in assessing the severity of acute corrosive ingestion. Clinical Toxicology, 52(1), 83. https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2013.869339
Berkovits, R. N., Bos, C. E., Wijburg, F. A., & Holzki, J. (1996). Caustic injury of the oesophagus: Sixteen years experience, and introduction of a new model oesophageal stent. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 110(11), 1041–1045. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215100135716
Bosnali, O., Moralioglu, S., Celayir, A., & Pektas, O. Z. (2017). Is rigid endoscopy necessary with childhood corrosive ingestion? A retrospective comparative analysis of 458 cases. Diseases of the Esophagus, 30(3), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/dote.12458
Boukthir, S., Fetni, I., Mrad, S. M., Mongalgi, M. A., Debbabi, A., & Barsaoui, S. (2004). High doses of steroids in the management of caustic esophageal burns in children. Archives de Pédiatrie, 11(1), 13–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2003.10.011
Bruzzi, M., Chirica, M., Resche-Rigon, M., Corte, H., Voron, T., Sarfati, E., Zagdanski, A. M., & Cattan, P. (2019). Emergency computed tomography predicts caustic esophageal stricture formation. Annals of Surgery, 270(1), 109–114. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000002732
Cakal, B., Akbal, E., Köklü, S., Babali, A., Koçak, E., & Tas, A. (2013). Acute therapy with intravenous omeprazole on caustic esophageal injury: A prospective case series. Diseases of the Esophagus, 26(1), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2050.2011.01319.x
Celik, B., Nadir, A., Sahin, E., & Kaptanoglu, M. (2009). Is esophagoscopy necessary for corrosive ingestion in adults? Diseases of the Esophagus, 22(8), 638–641. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2050.2009.00987.x
Chen, R. J., O’Malley, R. N., & Salzman, M. (2022). Updates on the evaluation and management of caustic exposures. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 40(2), 343–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emc.2022.01.013
Chirica, M., Resche-Rigon, M., Pariente, B., Fieux, F., Sabatier, F., Loiseaux, F., Munoz-Bongrand, N., Gornet, J. M., Brette, M. D., Sarfati, E., Azoulay, E., Zagdanski, A. M., & Cattan, P. (2015). Computed tomography evaluation of high-grade esophageal necrosis after corrosive ingestion to avoid unnecessary esophagectomy. Surgical Endoscopy, 29(6), 1452–1461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-014-3823-0
Chiu, H. M., Lin, J. T., Huang, S. P., Chen, C. H., Yang, C. S., & Wang, H. P. (2004). Prediction of bleeding and stricture formation after corrosive ingestion by EUS concurrent with upper endoscopy. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 60(5), 827–833. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(04)02031-0
Chobanian, S. J. (1981). Accidental ingestion of liquid zinc chloride: Local and systemic effects. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 10(2), 91–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(81)80345-9
Contini, S., & Scarpignato, C. (2013). Caustic injury of the upper gastrointestinal tract: A comprehensive review. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 19(25), 3918–3930. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i25.3918
Demirbilek, S., Aydin, G., Yücesan, S., Vural, H., & Bitiren, M. (2002). Polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine lowers collagen deposition in a rat model of corrosive esophageal burn. European Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 12(1), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-25082
Di Nardo, G., Betalli, P., Illiceto, M. T., Giulia, G., Martemucci, L., Caruso, F., Lisi, G., Romano, G., Villa, M. P., Ziparo, C., Pensabene, L., Vassallo, F., & Quitadamo, P. (2020). Caustic ingestion in children: 1 year experience in 3 Italian referral centers. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 71(1), 19–22. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002685
Duman, L., Büyükyavuz, B. I., Altuntas, I., Gökcimen, A., Ceyhan, L., Darici, H., Aylak, F., & Tomruk, O. (2011). The efficacy of single-dose 5-fluorouracil therapy in experimental caustic esophageal burn. Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 46(10), 1893–1897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.03.001
Faron, M., Corte, H., Poghosyan, T., Bruzzi, M., Voron, T., Sarfati, E., Cattan, P., & Chirica, M. (2021). Quality of life after caustic ingestion. Annals of Surgery, 274(6), e529–e534. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000003774
Findlay, M., Purvis, M., Venman, R., Luong, R., & Carey, S. (2020). Nutritional management of patients with oesophageal cancer throughout the treatment trajectory: Benchmarking against best practice. Supportive Care in Cancer, 28(12), 5963–5971. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-020-05416-x
Fulton, J. A., & Hoffman, R. S. (2007). Steroids in second degree caustic burns of the esophagus: A systematic pooled analysis of fifty years of human data: 1956–2006. Clinical Toxicology, 45(4), 402–408. https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650701285420
Gschossmann, J. M., Schroeder, R., Wyler, F., Scheurer, U., & Schiemann, U. (2016). Whether or not to perform an early endoscopy following ingestion of potentially caustic agents: A retrospective long-term analysis in a tertiary referral institution. Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie, 54(6), 548–555. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-106730
Günel, E., Caglayan, F., Caglayan, O., Canbilen, A., & Tosun, M. (2002). Effect of antioxidant therapy on collagen synthesis in corrosive esophageal burns. Pediatric Surgery International, 18(1), 24–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003830200005
Gupta, S. K., Croffie, J. M., & Fitzgerald, J. F. (2001). Is esophagogastroduodenoscopy necessary in all caustic ingestions? Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 32(1), 50–53. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005176-200101000-00015
Hall, A. H., Jacquemin, D., Henny, D., Mathieu, L., Josset, P., & Meyer, B. (2019). Corrosive substances ingestion: A review. Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 49(8), 637–669. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2019.1707773
Hawkins, D. B., Demeter, M. J., & Barnett, T. E. (1980). Caustic ingestion: Controversies in management. A review of 214 cases. The Laryngoscope, 90(1), 98–109. https://doi.org/10.1288/00005537-198001000-00012
Hoffman, R. S., Burns, M. M., & Gosselin, S. (2020). Ingestion of caustic substances. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382(18), 1739–1748. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1810769
Hoffman, R. S., Howland, M. A., Kamerow, H. N., & Goldfrank, L. R. (1989). Comparison of titratable acid/alkaline reserve and pH in potentially caustic household products. Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology, 27(4–5), 241–246. https://doi.org/10.3109/15563658908994421
Homan, C. S., Maitra, S. R., Lane, B. P., Thode, H. C., & Davidson, L. (1995). Histopathologic evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of water and milk dilution for esophageal acid injury. Academic Emergency Medicine, 2(7), 587–591. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2712.1995.tb03594.x
Homan, C. S., Maitra, S. R., Lane, B. P., Thode, H. C., & Sable, M. (1994). Therapeutic effects of water and milk for acute alkali injury of the esophagus. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 24(1), 14–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(94)70155-5
Jain, A. L., Robertson, G. J., & Rudis, M. I. (2003). Surgical issues in the poisoned patient. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 21(4), 1117–1144. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0733-8627(03)00069-5
Javed, A., Pal, S., Krishnan, E. K., Sahni, P., & Chattopadhyay, T. K. (2012). Surgical management and outcomes of severe gastrointestinal injuries due to corrosive ingestion. World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 4(5), 121–125. https://doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v4.i5.121
Judkins, D. G., Chen, R. J., & McTeer, A. V. (2023). Alkali toxicity. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
Kalayarasan, R., Ananthakrishnan, N., & Kate, V. (2019). Corrosive ingestion. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 23(Suppl 4), S282–S286. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23305
Kamijo, Y., Kondo, I., Kokuto, M., Kataoka, Y., & Soma, K. (2004). Miniprobe ultrasonography for determining prognosis in corrosive esophagitis. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 99(5), 851–854. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.30217.x
Katzka, D. A. (2001). Caustic injury to the esophagus. Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology, 4(1), 59–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11938-001-0047-x
Kaygusuz, I., Celik, O., Ozkaya, O. O., Yalçin, S., Keles, E., & Cetinkaya, T. (2001). Effects of interferon-alpha-2b and octreotide on healing of esophageal corrosive burns. The Laryngoscope, 111(11 Pt 1), 1999–2004. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200111000-00025
Kochhar, R., Poornachandra, K. S., Puri, P., Dutta, U., Sinha, S. K., Sethy, P. K., Wig, J. D., Nagi, B., & Singh, K. (2009). Comparative evaluation of nasoenteral feeding and jejunostomy feeding in acute corrosive injury: A retrospective analysis. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 70(5), 874–880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2009.03.009
Labrague, L. J., De Los Santos, J. A. A., Falguera, C. C., Nwafor, C. E., Galabay, J. R., Rosales, R. A., & Firmo, C. N. (2020). Predictors of nurses’ turnover intention at one and five years’ time. International Nursing Review, 67(2), 191–198. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12581
Li, Y., Langworthy, J., Xu, L., Cai, H., Yang, Y., Lu, Y., Wallach, S. L., & Friedenberg, F. K. (2020). Nationwide estimate of emergency department visits in the United States related to caustic ingestion. Diseases of the Esophagus, 33(6), doaa012. https://doi.org/10.1093/dote/doaa012
Lurie, Y., Slotky, M., Fischer, D., Shreter, R., & Bentur, Y. (2013). The role of chest and abdominal computed tomography in assessing the severity of acute corrosive ingestion. Clinical Toxicology, 51(9), 834–837. https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2013.837171
Mamede, R. C., & de Mello Filho, F. V. (2001). Ingestion of caustic substances and its complications. São Paulo Medical Journal, 119(1), 10–15. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-31802001000100004
Mamede, R. C., & de Mello Filho, F. V. (2002). Treatment of caustic ingestion: An analysis of 239 cases. Diseases of the Esophagus, 15(3), 210–213. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2050.2002.00263.x
Mensier, A., Onimus, T., Ernst, O., Leroy, C., & Zerbib, P. (2020). Evaluation of severe caustic gastritis by computed tomography and its impact on management. Journal of Visceral Surgery, 157(6), 469–474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2020.02.001
Methasate, A., & Lohsiriwat, V. (2018). Role of endoscopy in caustic injury of the esophagus. World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 10(10), 274–282. https://doi.org/10.4253/wjge.v10.i10.274
Millar, A. J., & Cox, S. G. (2015). Caustic injury of the oesophagus. Pediatric Surgery International, 31(2), 111–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-014-3642-3
Moore, K. A., O’Brien, B. C., & Thomas, L. R. (2020). “I wish they had asked”: A qualitative study of emotional distress and peer support during internship. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35(12), 3443–3448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05803-4
O’Grady, M., Firth, R., & Roberts, R. (2020). Intensive care unit utilisation post-oesophagectomy. New Zealand Medical Journal, 133(1510), 56–61.
Ozçelik, M. F., Pekmezci, S., Saribeyoglu, K., Unal, E., Gümüstas, K., & Dogusoy, G. (2004). The effect of halofuginone, a specific inhibitor of collagen type I synthesis, in the prevention of esophageal strictures related to caustic injury. The American Journal of Surgery, 187(2), 257–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2003.11.008
Pelclová, D., & Navrátil, T. (2005). Do corticosteroids prevent oesophageal stricture after corrosive ingestion? Toxicology Reviews, 24(2), 125–129. https://doi.org/10.2165/00139709-200524020-00006
Poley, J. W., Steyerberg, E. W., Kuipers, E. J., Dees, J., Hartmans, R., Tilanus, H. W., & Siersema, P. D. (2004). Ingestion of acid and alkaline agents: Outcome and prognostic value of early upper endoscopy. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 60(3), 372–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(04)01722-5
Povilavicius, J., Samalavicius, N. E., Verkauskas, G., Trainavicius, K., & Povilaviciene, M. (2019). Conservative treatment of caustic oesophageal injuries in children: 15 years of experience in a tertiary care paediatric centre. Przeglad Gastroenterologiczny, 14(4), 286–291. https://doi.org/10.5114/pg.2019.90255
Previtera, C., Giusti, F., & Guglielmi, M. (1990). Predictive value of visible lesions (cheeks, lips, oropharynx) in suspected caustic ingestion: May endoscopy reasonably be omitted in completely negative pediatric patients? Pediatric Emergency Care, 6(3), 176–178. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006565-199009000-00002
Roy, A., Druker, S., Hoge, E. A., & Brewer, J. A. (2020). Physician anxiety and burnout: Symptom correlates and a prospective pilot study of app-delivered mindfulness training. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 8(4), e15608. https://doi.org/10.2196/15608
Ryu, H. H., Jeung, K. W., Lee, B. K., Uhm, J. H., Park, Y. H., Shin, M. H., Kim, H. L., Heo, T., & Min, Y. I. (2010). Caustic injury: Can CT grading system enable prediction of esophageal stricture? Clinical Toxicology, 48(2), 137–142. https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650903585929
Sharp, C. A., Swaithes, L., Ellis, B., Dziedzic, K., & Walsh, N. (2020). Implementation research: Making better use of evidence to improve healthcare. Rheumatology, 59(8), 1799–1801. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaa088
Shikowitz, M. J., Levy, J., Villano, D., Graver, L. M., & Pochaczevsky, R. (1996). Speech and swallowing rehabilitation following devastating caustic ingestion: Techniques and indicators for success. The Laryngoscope, 106(2 Pt 2, Suppl 78), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005537-199602001-00001
Singer, A. J., Mofenson, H. C., Caraccio, T. R., & Ilasi, J. (1994). Mercuric chloride poisoning due to ingestion of a stool fixative. Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology, 32(5), 577–582. https://doi.org/10.3109/15563659409011062
Temiz, A., Oguzkurt, P., Ezer, S. S., Ince, E., & Hicsonmez, A. (2012). Predictability of outcome of caustic ingestion by esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 18(10), 1098–1103. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v18.i10.1098
Tiryaki, T., Livanelioglu, Z., & Atayurt, H. (2005). Early bougienage for relief of stricture formation following caustic esophageal burns. Pediatric Surgery International, 21(2), 78–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-004-1331-3
Usta, M., Erkan, T., Cokugras, F. C., Urganci, N., Onal, Z., Gulcan, M., & Kutlu, T. (2014). High doses of methylprednisolone in the management of caustic esophageal burns. Pediatrics, 133(6), e1518–e1524. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-3331
Wang, R. W., Zhou, J. H., Jiang, Y. G., Fan, S. Z., Gong, T. Q., Zhao, Y. P., Tan, Q. Y., & Lin, Y. D. (2006). Prevention of stricture with intraluminal stenting through laparotomy after corrosive esophageal burns. European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 30(2), 207–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcts.2006.03.068
Yoshida, M., Satoh, H., Igarashi, M., Akashi, K., Yamamura, Y., & Yoshida, K. (1997). Acute mercury poisoning by intentional ingestion of mercuric chloride. Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 182(4), 347–352. https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.182.347
Yukselen, V., Karaoglu, A. O., Ozutemiz, O., Yenisey, C., & Tuncyurek, M. (2004). Ketotifen ameliorates development of fibrosis in alkali burns of the esophagus. Pediatric Surgery International, 20(6), 429–433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-004-1170-2
Zhou, J. H., Jiang, Y. G., Wang, R. W., Lin, Y. D., Gong, T. Q., Zhao, Y. P., Ma, Z., & Tan, Q. Y. (2005). Management of corrosive esophageal burns in 149 cases. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 130(2), 449–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.02.029