MicroBio Pharmaceuticals and Pharmacology | Online ISSN 2209-2161
REVIEWS   (Open Access)

Cyanobacteria as a Source of Bioactive Compounds with Anticancer, Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antiviral Activities: A Review

Reem Abdulsalam Dawood Al-Nedawe1 and Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof1,2,3 *

+ Author Affiliations

Microbial Bioactives 6(1) 1-16 https://doi.org/10.25163/microbbioacts.617330

Submitted: 01 January 2023  Revised: 15 May 2023  Published: 05 August 2023 

Abstract

Cyanobacteria a group of photosynthetic microorganisms, exist in almost all ecosystems in the world. Regarding health and disease prevention, cyanobacteria have been cited as a promising natural source of diverse secondary metabolites that exhibit significant bioactivities with potential pharmacological uses. Presently, great attention has been concentrated on the anticancer role of aquatic cyanobacteria that comprise an important source of bioactive compounds. Cyanobacteria-derived natural compounds and their synthetic analogs exhibited attractive results and showed remarkable activity by reaching phase II and III clinical trials successfully. Therefore, natural products from cyanobacteria might represent promising sources for novel anticancer therapy. Besides, microbial infections and infectious diseases from antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pose a direct threat to health and well-being because of the increase in antimicrobial resistance and the evolution of novel pathogenic strains. The search for novel antibiotics become increasingly urgent. Extensive efforts have been invested to find antimicrobial compounds from cyanobacteria to limit the misuse of commercial antibiotics. The development of natural anticancer and antimicrobial compounds from fresh water and marine cyanobacterial metabolites is a valuable trial. This review article summarizes the reported anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, and antibacterial properties of cyanobacteria and their mechanisms of action.

Keywords: Anticancer; Antimicrobial; Bioactive compound; Cyanobacteria- novel therapies for their effective use in clinical practice and to improve patient-related outcomes. 

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