Physical and Chemical Analysis of Water Quality at Al-Dur Water Treatment Plant
Baidaa Khader Abdullah1, Yassien Hussain Owaied Al-juboory2, Rana Jalal Shakir1
Journal of Primeasia 5(1) 1-9 https://doi.org/10.25163/primeasia.519766
Submitted: 01 January 2024 Revised: 22 February 2024 Published: 01 March 2024
Abstract
Background: Water is a fundamental element for sustaining life, playing a crucial role in supporting various organisms. Ensuring the quality of water is vital for public health and safety. This study aimed to examine the water quality at different stages of the Al-Dur Water Treatment Plant and household supplies serviced by the plant from September 2023 to February 2024. Methods: Five water samples were collected from different stages of the treatment process, including raw, sedimentation, alum, treated, and storage tank waters. Additional samples from household supplies were also gathered. Upon arrival at the laboratory, all samples underwent immediate physical and chemical testing. Parameters measured included air and water temperatures, turbidity, electrical conductivity, pH levels, total hardness, total alkalinity, salinity, and total dissolved solids (TDS). Results: During the study period, air temperatures ranged from 12.4°C to 34.4°C, and water temperatures varied between 11.4°C and 28.6°C. Turbidity values ranged from 1.58 NTU to 32.2 NTU, while electrical conductivity values ranged from 412 µS/cm to 585 µS/cm. pH values, predominantly alkaline, ranged from 7.3 to 9.6. Alkalinity values ranged from 40 mg/L to 180 mg/L, and TDS from 210 mg/L to 355 mg/L. Total hardness levels were between 138 mg/L and 338.3 mg/L, aligning with recommended drinking water standards. Conclusion: The findings contribute to a better understanding of the physical and chemical characteristics of water processed by the Al-Dur Water Treatment Plant, essential for ensuring water quality and safety in the region. This study aids in evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment processes and maintaining compliance with regulatory standards for potable water supply.
Keywords: Water Quality, Al-Dur Water Treatment Plant, Physical Testing, Chemical Testing, Drinking Water Standards.
References
Abdul-Aziz, Buraq Salah Mohammed. (2015). Environmental and Microbiological Study to Evaluate the Drinking Water Treatment Plant of Al-Dur City, Salah Al-Din Province. Master's Thesis, College of Education for Women, University of Tikrit.
Abdulqader, A. T., Al-Sammarie, A. M. Y., & Mustafa, M. A. (2022, May). A comparative environmental study of aqueous extracts of ginger and grapes to protect hepatocytes in Albino rabbits and a comparison of extracts in preserving Awassi lamb meat from oxidation. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1029, No. 1, p. 012001). IOP Publishing.
Al-Araji, Mona Faiq. (2003). Increasing the Capacity of the Dora Water Project. Master's Thesis in Environmental Engineering, Department of Building and Construction, University of Technology.
Alawi, Rabab Hakim & Khamis, Hamid Salman. (2022). Physical, Chemical, and Biological Study to Evaluate the Efficiency of the Unified Drinking Water Treatment Plant in Tikrit City. Master's Thesis, College of Education for Women, University of Tikrit.
Al-Douri, Dhumaiya Khalaf Yaseen. (2019). Biological, Chemical, and Physical Study to Evaluate the Efficiency of the Southern Drinking Water Treatment Plant in Al-Dur District. Master's Thesis, College of Education for Women, University of Tikrit.
Al-Dulaimi, Heba Hamad Mohammed & Khamis, Hamid Salman. (2021). Diagnostic Study of Some Algal Species in the Tigris River Passing through Dhuluiya, Salah Al-Din.
Al-Hamdani, Mouwafaq Riyadh Ismail & Faisal Mazen Nizar. (2015). Study of the Quality of Drinking Water in Some Water Treatment Projects and Distribution Networks within Mosul City. Iraqi Journal of Science, 56(2-3).
Ali, S. H., Armeet, H. S., Mustafa, M. A., & Ahmed, M. T. (2022, November). Complete blood count for COVID-19 patients based on age and gender. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2394, No. 1). AIP Publishing.
Al-Mashhdani, M.H.S.; Abdul-Aziz, Y. T.; Saffawi and Omar,M.R. (2018). International and Scientific Conference Followed by the College of Science University of Tikrit, pp: 38-40. (In Arabic).
Al-Mujamai, Sarah Hashim Sahi. (2022). Study of Some Physical, Chemical, and Bacteriological Properties of Water Samples from Al-Ishaqi Water Treatment Plant in Salah Al-Din Province. Master's Thesis, College of Science, University of Tikrit.
Almuktar, S.; Hamdan, A.N.A and Scholz, M. (2020). Assessment of the Effluents of Basra City Main Water Treatment Plants for Drinking and irrigation Purposes. Water, 12(12), 3334.
Al-Mundhiri, Fathi Abdullah Mundil Saleh. (2005). Ecological Study of Phytoplankton in the Regulatory Lake of Mosul Dam. Master's Thesis, Department of Life Sciences, College of Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
Al-Naemi, Marwa Mohammed Mahmoud. (2017). Comparative Study Between the Performance of Three Main Water Treatment Plants in Nineveh Province. Master's Thesis, College of Science, Department of Life Sciences, University of Mosul.
AL-Saad, H.T.; AL-Hello,M.; Kareem, S. and DouAbul, A. (2008).Water Quality of Iraqi Southern Marshes.Mar.Meso.22(1):10-28.
Al-Saadoun, Diya Wissam Kamel. (2021). Ecological Study of Muddy Algae in Diyala River, Iraq. College of Education, University of Samarra.
Al-Safawi, Abdulaziz Younis Tali'a & Al-Assaf, Azhar Younis Reda. (2018). Qualitative Evaluation of Tigris River Water Using Water Quality Index (WQI) for Drinking Purposes in Nineveh Province. Ninth Regular Scientific Conference, Center for Dams and Water Resources Research, University of Mosul, November 28-29. Al-Safawi, Abdulaziz Younis Tali'a & Al-Sinjari, Wafaa Issam. (2018). Bioaccumulation of Lead and Zinc in the Vegetative Parts of Phragmites Australis in Wadi Al-Khazzazi, Mosul, Iraq.
Al-Sahen, Irfan Wasmi Mahmoud. (2019). Impact of Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics and Chemical Content of Eichhornia Crassipes on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Specific Sites in the Tigris River in Nineveh and Salah Al-Din Provinces. Published Master's Thesis, College of Science, Department of Life Sciences, University of Tikrit.
Al-Samarrai, Baidaa Abdul Qader Mahdi. (2009). Environmental and Microbial Study of Drinking Water in Salah Al-Din Province. Master's Thesis, College of Science, University of Tikrit.
Al-Sarraj, Iman Sami Yaseen. (2013). Study of Tigris River Pollution with Various Wastes within Mosul City and Its Impact on Some Local Fish. Doctoral Dissertation, College of Science, University of Mosul, Iraq.
Al-Sarraj, Iman Sami, Jankir, Mona Hussein, & Al-Rawi, Sate' Mahmoud. (2014). Some Qualitative Indicators of Tigris River Water in Mosul City: An Inductive Study. Rafidain Journal of Science, 25(1). Published Master's Thesis, College of Science, Department of Life Sciences, University of Tikrit.
Al-Sultan, Fatima Moad Hamed. (2019). Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Old Left-Bank Water Treatment Plant and Identifying Pollution Sources in the Transmission Lines. Published Master's Thesis, College of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Mosul.
APHA, American Public Health Association (2003). St for the Examination of water and wastewater, (20th fifteenth Street, NW.
APHA. (American Public Health Association). (2017). Standard Methods for the examination of water and waste water, 23th ed A. P. H. A., 5 Fifteen street . NW. Washington. DC. USA.
Ayale R. F. (2018). Urban water supply system performance assessment (the case of Holeta Town, Ethiopia) PhD Thesis. Addis Ababa. Ethiopia: Addis Ababa Science and Technology University.
Bhat, M.A. Wani, S.A. Singh, V.J. Sahoo, J.Tomar, D. and Sanswal, R.(2018).An overview of the assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation. J. of Agricultural Sci. and Food Research. 9(1): 1-9.
Breesha, Jaber Zayed, & Sharif, Mohamed Ahmed. (2018). Water Pollutants: Sources and Treatment Methods. University Publishing House, Egypt. Deposit Number: 21816.
Chougule, M. B,. Wasif, A. I. and Naik, V. R.(2009). Assesment of water Quality index (WQI) for monitoring pollution of river panchganga at ichalkaranji. Proceeding of international conference on energy and environment.19-21 March.
Fratam, Zohair Farouk. (2018). Evaluation of the Efficiency of Four Drinking Water Treatment Plants in Salah Al-Din Province. Published Master's Thesis, College of Science, Department of Life Sciences, University of Tikrit.
Hakman, Athmar Adnan. (2018). Quantitative and Qualitative Study of Attached Algae on Clay in Diyala River, Diyala Province, Iraq. Master's Thesis, College of Science, University of Diyala.
Hassan, F.M; Al- Salman, I. M and Abdul-ammer, H.M.T. (2015),Qualitative and quantative study of Phytoplankton in Lotic ecosystems Iraq. Mesopotamia Environmental J. 2, (1): 46-63 2(1).
Hsu, C. Y., Mustafa, M. A., Yadav, A., Batoo, K. M., Kaur, M., Hussain, S., ... & Nai, L. (2024). N2 reduction to NH3 on surfaces of Co-Al18P18, Ni-Al21N21, Fe-B24N24, Mn-B27P27, Ti-C60 and Cu-Si72 catalysts. Journal of Molecular Modeling, 30(3), 1-11.
Hussein, Amira Ismail. (1996). Study of the Engineering Properties and Mineral Composition of Tikrit City Soil. Scientific Journal of Tikrit University, Engineering Sciences Sector, 3(1), 42-46.
Ismail, Hala Mahmoud. (2018). Impact of Environmental Pollutants on External Parasites in Three Fish Species of the Tigris River. Master's Thesis, University of Tikrit, College of Education for Women, Department of Life Sciences.
Kadham, S. M., Mustafa, M. A., Abbass, N. K., & Karupusamy, S. (2024). IoT and artificial intelligence–based fuzzy-integral N-transform for sustainable groundwater management. Applied Geomatics, 16(1), 1-8.
Kadham, S. M., Mustafa, M. A., Abbass, N. K., & Karupusamy, S. (2023). Comparison between of fuzzy partial H-transform and fuzzy partial Laplace transform in x-ray images processing of acute interstitial pneumonia. International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, 1-9.
Lu, Z. F., Hsu, C. Y., Younis, N. K., Mustafa, M. A., Matveeva, E. A., Al-Juboory, Y. H. O., ... & Abdulraheem, M. N. (2024). Exploring the significance of microbiota metabolites in rheumatoid arthritis: uncovering their contribution from disease development to biomarker potential. APMIS.
Mahmoud, Nather Ghanem Mahmoud. (2021). Ecological Study on Phytoplankton in Selected Sites of the Tigris River in Nineveh Province. Master's Thesis, College of Science, University of Tikrit.
Mahmoud, Z. H., Ajaj, Y., Hussein, A. M., Al-Salman, H. N. K., Mustafa, M. A., Kadhum, E. H., ... & Kianfar, E. (2024). CdIn2Se4@ chitosan heterojunction nanocomposite with ultrahigh photocatalytic activity under sunlight driven photodegradation of organic pollutants. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 267, 131465.
Meri, M. A., Ibrahim, M. D., Al-Hakeem, A. H., & Mustafa, M. A. (2023). Procalcitonin and NLR Measurements in COVID-19 Patients. Latin American Journal of Pharmacy, 220-223.
Mouloud, Bahram Khodr, Al-Saadi, Hussein Ali, & Al-Azzami, Hussein Ahmed Sharif. (1990). Ecology and Pollution. Directorate of Books and Publications, Baghdad.
Mustafa, M. A., Kadham, S. M., Abbass, N. K., Karupusamy, S., Jasim, H. Y., Alreda, B. A., ... & Ahmed, M. T. (2024). A novel fuzzy M-transform technique for sustainable ground water level prediction. Applied Geomatics, 16(1), 9-15.
Mustafa, M. A., Raja, S., Asadi, L. A. A., Jamadon, N. H., Rajeswari, N., & Kumar, A. P. (2023). A Decision-Making Carbon Reinforced Material Selection Model for Composite Polymers in Pipeline Applications. Advances in Polymer Technology, 2023(1), 6344193.
Nada, Kamal Barzan, Khalid Abbas Rashid, Abdulkarim Abdul Raza, Mohammed Khalil Naji, Muammar Farouk, & Ali Jalob Kheribet. (2002). Study of the Efficiency of Sand Filters in Rusafa Water Treatment Plants. Water Technology Department, Environmental Research Division, Iraqi Atomic Energy Organization.
Saadh, M. J., Avecilla, F. R. B., Mustafa, M. A., Kumar, A., Kaur, I., Alawayde, Y. M., ... & Elmasry, Y. (2024). The promising role of doped h-BANDs for solar cells application: A DFT study. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 451, 115499.
Saadh, M. J., Mustafa, M. A., Hussein, N. M., Bansal, P., Kaur, H., Alubiady, M. H. S., ... & Margarian, S. (2024). Investigating the ability of BC2N nanotube to removal Eriochrome blue black from wastewater: A computational approach. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 163, 112311.
Shakir, O. M., Abdulla, K. K., Mustafa, A. A., & Mustafa, M. A. (2019). Investigation of the presence of parasites that contaminate some fruits and vegetables in the Samarra City in Iraq. Plant Arch, 19, 1184-1190.
Thirumulini,S. and Joseph, K.(2009) Correlation between Electrical Conductivity and total dissolved solids in natural water ,Malaysian J. of sci.28(1):55-61.
Valluru, D., Mustafa, M. A., Jasim, H. Y., Srikanth, K., RajaRao, M. V. L. N., & Sreedhar, P. S. S. (2023, March). An Efficient Class Room Teaching Learning Method Using Augmented Reality. In 2023 9th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS) (Vol. 1, pp. 300-303). IEEE.
Varol, M., Gokot, B., Bekleyen, A. and Sen, B. (2011). Water quality using multivariate statistical techniques- A case study, river res appl., published online Library (Wileyonlinelibrary.com).
Wolde A. M., Jemal K., Woldearegay G. M.and Tullu K. D. (2020). Quality and safety of municipal drinking water in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine: 25(1).6-9.
Yaseen, A. H., Khalaf, A. T., & Mustafa, M. A. (2023). Lung cancer data analysis for finding gene expression. Afr. J. Biol. Sci, 5(3), 119-130.
Yasin, S. K. (2018). A study of monthly changes in some physical, chemical and phytosanitary paramenters in Tigris River at Salah Al-Din governorate. J. Tikrit Univ. for Agri., Sci., 18, No. (4): 96-108.
View Dimensions
View Altmetric
Save
Citation
View
Share