Biosensors and Nanotheranostics
Bionanotechnology, Drug Delivery, Therapeutics | online ISSN 3064-7789
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RESEARCH ARTICLE   (Open Access)
Contents Vol 4 (1)

Sustainable Development and Characterization of Biodegradable Collagen-Calcium Carbonate (Col-Caco3) Microporous Composite Scaffold For Bone Tissue Regeneration

Md Shariful Islam 1*, Prantor Karmaker 1, Md Zakaria 2, Jafor Raihan 1, Alam Khan 1, Razon Ahmad 1, GM Shafiur Rahman 1

+ Author Affiliations

Biosensors and Nanotheranostics 4 (1) 1-8 https://doi.org/10.25163/biosensors.4110184

Submitted: 12 March 2025 Revised: 02 May 2025  Published: 06 May 2025 

Abstract

Microporous CaCO3 scaffolds were fabricated using the polyurethane (PU) sponge template method, incorporating various compressive ratios (95%, 75%, and 50%) and the presence or absence of additives to evaluate their effect on mechanical properties. The resulting CaCO3 scaffolds were then coated with collagen (COL) at room temperature. The microporous structure and mechanical properties of the produced biomaterials were analyzed using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and the Shimadzu Compact Tabletop Testing Machine (EZ Test), respectively. The results indicated that the inclusion of additives and the COL coating led to a reduction in porosity and an enhancement in the mechanical properties of the biomaterials. Notably, the most significant decrease in porosity was observed at a 50% compressive rate when additives were present. The composite scaffolds composed of CaCO3-COL with additives at this compressive rate exhibited a maximum compressive modulus of 10.78 MPa. Additionally, the highest fracture stress (253 KPa) and strain energy density (539 J/m³) were recorded in the composite scaffolds of CaCO3-COL with additives at a 75% compressive rate. These findings demonstrate that combining pure CaCO3 with collagen and additives significantly improves the mechanical properties of porous composite scaffolds, enhancing their suitability for sustainable bone tissue engineering applications.

Keywords: Scaffolds; Mechanical properties; Tissue engineering; Compressive ratio; Collagen; Sustainable

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