Potential Malaysian Medicinal Plants for The Treatment of Alzheimer&rsquo;s Disease

Kesevan Rajah; Mohamad Anuar; Mira Syahfriena Amir; Habibah; Zurina

doi:10.25163/ahi.110006

Advances in Herbal Research | online ISSN 2209-1890

REVIEWS (Open Access)

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Potential Malaysian Medicinal Plants for The Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Kesevan Rajah Kumaran^b, Mohamad Anuar Ahad^a, Mira Syahfriena Amir Rawa^b, Habibah Wahab^b, Zurina Hassan^a*

+ Author Affiliations

Australian Herbal Insight 1 (1) 022-027 https://doi.org/10.25163/ahi.110006

Submitted: 03 December 2018 Revised: 19 January 2019 Published: 04 February 2019

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that leads to dementia. AD is characterized by progressive loss of structure and function of neurons that results in neuronal death over time. In the late stage, patients have difficulties to carry out their daily activity as they lose bodily function and needs assistance of a caretaker. The cause of AD is poorly understood and there is no treatment to reverse the progressive loss of neurons in patients until now. Progressive loss of cholinergic neurons and a consequent decline in levels of acetylcholine (ACh) in the brain are the cause of cognitive deterioration in patients suffering AD. Inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) which are involved in breakdown of ACh into acetic acid and choline may prevent ACh level from decreasing. Currently available drugs that act against ChE are donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine. These drugs provide symptomatic relief and delays the progress of AD. However, this drugs often produce side effects in consumers. Recently, plants have been given attention as a source of drug to treat neurodegenerative diseases due to its efficiency and less side effect properties. Hence, this review highlights previously and newly discovered potential plants with anti-cholinesterase activity to treat AD.

Key words: Alzheimer's, neurodegenerative disease, acetylcholine, plants

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