Resveratrol Mitigates Acrylonitrile-induced Thyroid and Adrenal Toxicity in Rats

Samer I. Sabeeh ^1*, Ahmed Q. Al-Awadi ¹

Resveratrol counters acrylonitrile's adverse effects, preserving thyroid and adrenal function, evidenced hormonally and histologically, suggesting therapeutic potential.

Abstract

Background: Acrylonitrile (AN) poses significant health risks as a potent multi-site carcinogen, causing toxicity in various organs including the brain, lung, liver, kidney, stomach, and adrenal glands. AN-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation lead to DNA damage and organ dysfunction, including adrenal necrosis and haemorrhages. Resveratrol, a potent antioxidant, offers potential protection against acrylonitrile-induced damage. Method: This study utilized 55 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into four groups: control, Resveratrol-treated, AN-treated, and AN + Resveratrol-treated. Animals were subjected to oral administration of AN or Resveratrol for 90 days. Serum levels of thyroid hormones (T3, T4, TSH) and adrenaline were measured using ELISA, while histopathological changes in thyroid and adrenal glands were examined microscopically. Results: AN exposure significantly decreased serum concentrations of T3, T4, TSH, and adrenaline, accompanied by histopathological alterations including necrotic follicles and adrenal congestion. Resveratrol treatment mitigated these effects, restoring hormone levels and preserving tissue architecture. Conclusion: Resveratrol exhibits protective effects against AN-induced toxicity by enhancing thyroid and adrenal hormone production and attenuating histopathological changes in thyroid and adrenal glands. Its antioxidant properties mitigate oxidative stress and maintain cellular homeostasis, suggesting its potential therapeutic utility in combating AN-related health hazards. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying Resveratrol's protective effects on adrenal vascular function.

Keywords: Acrylonitrile, Resveratrol, Thyroid, Adrenal, Toxicity

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