Prolonged Formalin Exposure on Liver and Kidney Function Associated with TP53 Gene Expression in Quail Birds (Coturnix coturnix)

Iman Ibrahim Al hacham ¹, Abdulrazzaq B. kadhim ^2*, Eman F. Albaghdady ³

This study demonstrated a prolonged formaldehyde exposure in quails. It caused liver and kidney damage and affected gene expression as potential cancer risks.

Abstract

Background: This study was the first to highlight the deleterious effect of formalin gas on gene expression of the tumor protein TP53 in the digestive and urinary system. This experiment was conducted according to animal ethics and regulations of the College of veterinary medicine/the University of Al-Qadisiyah.  Method: Three groups were exposed to two hours of formalin gas twice daily, two hours in the morning and evening, for 30 days, and the fourth group was the control with the same environmental conditions except for formalin. Then, quails were killed on different days (10, 20, and 30 days), and Liver, kidney, and blood specimens were collected for gene expression, histological, and biochemical studies. Result: displayed that formalin gas caused by disturbances in liver and kidney functions, in addition to the great pathological liver and kidney changes, showed acute hepatitis and nephritis. 5% of the formalin gas significantly increased the expression of TP53in the liver and kidney regularly with a period of exposure, Conclusion: that P53 might be considered a suitable biomarker of molecular for formalin impaction in humans and animals especially the birds.

Keywords: Formaldehyde exposure, TP53 gene expression, Liver and kidney function, Quail model, Histopathological changes

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