Tumor angiogenesis and its current treatment: a short review

Dhamraa Waleed Ahmed

Abstract

Angiogenesis is the process of formation new blood vessel. This process involves the migration, differentiation and growth of endothelial cells that line the inside wall of blood vessels (Folkman, 2007). Angiogenesis and inflammation, two host-dependent and interdependent hallmarks of cancer, play a critical role in the growth and spread of cancer. Tumors can stimulate angiogenesis by giving off chemical signals to increase blood flow to the tumor by promoting nearby normal cells to produce angiogenesis signaling molecules (Sturk, 2005). During critical tumor growth, the diffusion of nutrients and oxygen to the center of the tumor can become difficult, which causes a state of cellular hypoxia that marks the onset of tumoral angiogenesis. New blood vessel development during tumor progression favors the transition from hyperplasia to neoplasia or the passage from a state of steady-state cellular division to a state of uncontrolled proliferation, characteristic of tumor cells. This state then influences the dissemination of cancer cells throughout the entire body (metastasis formation). On the other side, there is anti-angiogenesis mechanisms process interfere with blood vessel formation (Eichhorn, 2007).

Keywords: VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor

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