Volume 1 Number 1 2023
AI-Enabled Cyber-Physical Power Systems: Review of Smart Grid Security, Optimization, and Decision Support
Syed Nurul Islam1*, Anik Biswas2, Ashok Kumar Chowdhury3
Applied IT & Engineering 1 (1) 1-9 https://doi.org/10.25163/engineering.1110396
Submitted: 29 May 2023 Revised: 09 August 2023 Accepted: 12 August 2023 Published: 14 August 2023
Abstract
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into cyber-physical power systems in the United States has been increasingly explored to enhance the efficiency, security, and sustainability of energy infrastructures. Innovative grid technologies have been brought to life through AI, enabling two-way energy flow, real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and autonomous decision-making. The facilitation of renewable energy integration and the optimization of energy storage systems have been achieved through advanced algorithms. AI-driven intrusion detection systems, anomaly recognition, and reinforcement learning techniques have strengthened cybersecurity measures. Acknowledgment of risks posed by legacy infrastructure, adversarial attacks, and resource constraints has led to the development of mitigation strategies. Predictive models, data analytics, and AI-powered optimization have supported decision-making processes, ensuring grid stability and reliability. Challenges related to governance and transparency of AI “black box” operations have been addressed by implementing federated and distributed learning approaches. Best practices have been informed through the analysis of lessons learned from case studies and pilot implementations, emphasizing the importance of stakeholder engagement, regulatory compliance, and socio-economic considerations. Future research directions have been identified, highlighting the need for hybrid optimization methods, adaptive control strategies, and quantum-resistant cybersecurity solutions. Overall, a vision has been created for the U.S. power grid to be transformed into a resilient, intelligent, and sustainable infrastructure, where AI is leveraged to manage operational complexity, anticipate disruptions, and integrate renewable energy sources effectively. It is recognized that strategic investments, regulatory oversight, and interdisciplinary collaboration are crucial to ensure that AI-enabled power systems are efficiently for long-term energy security.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Cyber-Physical Systems, Smart Grids, Renewable Energy Integration, Cybersecurity
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