Integrating the Health Belief Model and Mobile Applications to Improve Knowledge and Medical Compliance in Diabetic Patients

Wahyu Widodo ^1*, Faridah Binti Mohd Said ², Musheer ²

Evaluating mobile Health Belief Model applications can enhance diabetes care by improving patient knowledge, adherence, and preventing complications.

Abstract

Background: Standard care for Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) involves various interventions, but there is limited focus on patients' knowledge and medical compliance. The Health Belief Model (HBM) offers a promising framework to enhance patient knowledge and adherence to medical recommendations by addressing perceived susceptibility, barriers, severity, and benefits. However, its application through mobile technology remains underexplored. Methods: This study conducted a systematic literature review using online databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Springer, Google, and Google Scholar. The search focused on studies published from 2000 to 2022, examining the use of HBM in diabetes care, specifically addressing patient knowledge and medical compliance, and the integration of mobile applications. Keywords included terms such as 'education HBM diabetes patient’s knowledge' and 'mobile application HBM diabetes medical compliance.' After an initial yield of 168 articles, a rigorous screening process resulted in the inclusion of 9 relevant studies. Results: The review indicates that the HBM can effectively promote health behavior changes in diabetes care, improving self-efficacy, knowledge, and medical compliance. Implementing HBM through education has shown benefits in foot care, adherence to medical advice, and the management of diabetes-related complications. However, studies integrating mobile applications with HBM in diabetes care are scarce, highlighting a significant gap in current research. Conclusion: Utilizing the Health Belief Model through mobile applications may offer clinical benefits in diabetes care by preventing severe complications such as DFUs. The role of technology experts is critical in developing effective HBM-based mobile applications.

Keywords: Diabetic Foot Ulcers, Health Belief Model, Mobile Applications, Patient Compliance, Diabetes Management

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