Global Trends in Key Hospital Performance Indicators: A Decade of Research Insights (2014-2023)

Ilham Hariyadi ^1* , Qurratul Aini ¹

This study determined global research trends on hospital KPIs, highlighting publication patterns, key contributors, and emerging focus areas.

Abstract

Background: Hospital Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are essential metrics used to evaluate the quality of healthcare services, assess organizational efficiency, and support sustainable hospital operations. Despite the importance of KPIs in enhancing patient care and hospital management, there remain gaps in the comprehensive assessment and application of these indicators across various healthcare settings. Methods: This study employs a qualitative methodology with a bibliometric analysis to examine the trajectory of research on hospital KPIs from 2014 to 2023. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the Scopus database, selecting 111 relevant documents based on specific keywords and criteria. The data was analyzed using VOSviewer software, focusing on Network Analysis, Overlay Visualization, and Density Visualization to map the development of KPIs in hospital research, identify key themes, and explore the evolution of these studies over the years. Results: Results from network and density analysis using VOSviewer identified four main clusters of research themes, including hospital management, quality of care, emergency services, and hospital discharge processes. Keywords such as "quality indicator" and "hospital management" were identified as emerging areas with potential for future research. Furthermore, citation analysis revealed that the most referenced studies focused on developing KPIs to enhance clinical pharmacy practice and holistic hospital management. Conclusion: The study underscores the growing global interest in hospital KPIs, with a notable concentration of research in specific areas like hospital efficiency, quality of care, and operational metrics. The analysis highlights key trends and identifies emerging research opportunities, particularly in the areas of quality indicators and hospital management practices. These insights are crucial for guiding future research and improving the implementation of KPIs in hospital settings to enhance patient care and operational efficiency.

Keywords: Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), Hospital Management, Healthcare Quality, Publication Trends, Scopus Database

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