spo0A Gene Determination in Spore-Forming Bacteria Infections

Shler Ali Khorsheed ^1*

Understanding and identifying spore-forming bacteria in surgical wounds can enhance infection control and treatment in healthcare settings.

Abstract

Background: Endospore-forming Formicates (EFF) are prevalent in natural and man-made environments, posing significant contamination risks in hospitals and industrial facilities. Hospital-acquired infections often involve spore-forming bacteria, which are resistant to common disinfectants and treatments. Understanding and identifying these bacteria, particularly the genes responsible for spore formation, is crucial for infection control. The spo0A gene is a key regulator of endospore formation. Methods: This study was conducted from January 12, 2023, to May 12, 2023, at Kirkuk General Hospital, Iraq. A total of 200 postoperative wound samples were collected, cultured, and incubated to isolate pure cultures of spore-forming bacteria. DNA was extracted using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit, and its concentration was measured with a NanoDrop spectrophotometer. PCR and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were employed to amplify the spo0A gene using specific primers. The PCR products were analyzed via gel electrophoresis, and the bacterial species were identified through sequencing. Results: Out of 200 samples, 100 tested positive for bacterial infection. The identified bacterial species included Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, and Clostridium perfringens. The presence of the spo0A gene was confirmed in Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium perfringens. Gel electrophoresis results demonstrated the high quality of the PCR products, facilitating further identification and sequencing of the bacterial species. Conclusion: This study showed the significance of the spo0A gene in spore formation and demonstrated the need for accurate and rapid diagnostic methods to control hospital-acquired infections.

Keywords: Spore-forming bacteria, PCR, Spo0A gene, Hospital-acquired infections, Bacterial contamination

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