Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Leaf Extract for Diabetic Ulcer Treatment In Vivo

Lita Retta ¹, Endy Juli Anto ^4,5, Jekson Martiar Siahaan ^2,3*, Syafruddin Ilyas ⁶, Menang Bastanta ^7,8

Avocado leaf extract demonstrated potential in reducing blood sugar, enhancing wound healing, and mitigating inflammation, offering a novel diabetic ulcer treatment.

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a pressing global health concern, with the incidence of diabetic foot ulcers (UKD) rising. Neuropathy, vascular insufficiency, and neutrophil dysfunction render diabetic patients susceptible to infections. UKD stems from poor circulation linked to peripheral neuropathy and vascular disease, heightening infection risk. Method: This study aimed to assess the impact of avocado leaf ethanol extract on blood sugar levels, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), FGF, and wound area in diabetic ulcer rat models. Employing a true experimental design, post-test randomized control group analyses evaluated treatment effects over 60 days (September to November 2023). Male Wistar rats meeting age, weight, sex, and health criteria were sampled. Results: Flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids were detected in the avocado leaf extract. While significant body weight variations were observed among study groups, no significant differences were noted in blood sugar, IL-6, and FGF levels. The group administered avocado leaf ethanol extract at 100mg/kgBB demonstrated improved weight control, reduced blood sugar levels, anti-inflammatory effects, and enhanced ulcer wound repair and healing. Conclusion: Avocado leaf ethanol extract exhibited promising effects in controlling weight, reducing blood sugar levels, and promoting ulcer healing in diabetic rat models. Future research avenues include immunohistochemical analyses of ulcer wound tissue and investigating avocado leaf extract treatment outcomes in diabetic ulcer patients. Additionally, these data serve as a valuable reference for basic biomolecular and histopathological research.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Ulcers, Avocado Leaf Extract, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Interleukin-6, Wound healing Top of Form

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