A Rapid Continuous Flow Injection Analysis Method Development for Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride

Asma A. Gayed Al-Ani ^1* , Nagham S. Turkey Al-Awadie ^1*

Novel flow injection analysis improves Diphenhydramine HCL detection in pharmaceuticals with high sensitivity, speed, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness, enhancing industrial efficiency.

Abstract

Background: Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) is widely used as an antihistamine for treating various allergic conditions and symptoms. Traditional analytical methods for quantifying DPH often involve complex procedures and instrumentation. However, recent advancements in nanotechnology and analytical techniques offer opportunities for developing simpler and more efficient methods for DPH analysis. Method: This study presents a novel approach for quantifying DPH using continuous flow injection analysis (CFIA) combined with turbidimetric measurements. The precipitation reaction between DPH and 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid was utilized in an aqueous medium system. Various physical and chemical parameters were optimized, including the concentration of precipitating reagent, reaction medium (acids and salts), irradiation source intensity, volume of sample segment, and delay reaction coil. Results: Optimization of physical and chemical parameters revealed that a concentration of 15 m.mol/Liter for 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid, distilled water as the reaction medium, and an irradiation source intensity of 3.1 VDC produced optimal results. The linear dynamic range for DPH concentration was determined to be 0.01-20 m.mol/Liter. Comparison with the traditional UV-spectrophotometric method showed comparable results, indicating the reliability of the proposed CFIA method. Conclusion: The CFIA method presented in this study offers several advantages over traditional analytical methods for quantifying DPH in pharmaceutical formulations. It provides high sensitivity, speed, simplicity, and improved accuracy. The proposed approach has the potential for widespread application in pharmaceutical analysis, offering a cost-effective and easily manipulable solution for routine laboratory use. Overall, this study demonstrates a significant advancement in the measurement of DPH, which could simplify processes for pharmaceutical analysis and enhance industrial production levels.

Keywords: Diphenhydramine hydrochloride, Flow injection analysis, Pharmaceutical analysis, Sensitivity, Cost-effectiveness.

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