Determination of Active Biomarkers and the Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential of Standardized Zygophyllum spp Extract

Mostafa Alamholo ¹

Identification of active compounds in medicinal plants to control resistant bacteria

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the chemical composition, and investigation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Zygophyllum fabago, Zygophyllum eurypterum, Zygophyllum propinquum and Zygophyllum megacarpum extracts against human pathogenic bacterial. The samples were collected from West Azarbaijan province and were analyzed in biotechnology department of Bu Ali Sina University, Iran. The antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion assay, minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) by the serial dilution method and free radical activity by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were measured. Next, the phenolic and flavonoid contents were calculated by Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminum Chloride methods, respectively, and the presence of the phytochemical compounds including alkaloids, saponins, and tannins were tested. In addition, chemical compositions analysis was done using a GCMS. The major components including as ar-curcumene (17.18%), methyl ester (21.53%), caryophyllène (17.07%), and carvacrol (23.71%) were dominant in Z. fabago, Z. eurypterum, Z. propinquum and Z. megacarpum, respectively. The highest sensitivity was observed on S. epidermidis with MIC of 3.125% on flower extract of Z. fabago. The most potent radical scavenging activity belonged to the flower extract of Z.megacarpum. The highest phenolic and flavonoid contents were obtained in Z. fabago root extract as 301.04 mgGA/DWg and 8.04 mgQ/DWg, respectively as well as carvacrol was determined as the dominant compound. Based on the findings, Zygophyllum spp can be suggested for producing natural drugs and antimicrobial agents.

Keywords: Antibacterial, chemical composition, pathogenic bacteria, Zygophyllum spp

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