Clinical Profile and Management of Camphor Poisoning in Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Study

Jayakanthan S ¹, Manimaran R ¹, Sathyanarayanan M ¹*, Bharathi Raja K ¹

This study showed the clinical challenges and management strategies in pediatric camphor poisoning, stressing the importance of early recognition and prevention.

Abstract

Background: Accidental poisoning in infants and small children is a significant concern, often resulting from the ingestion of household substances. Camphor, a common yet potentially toxic compound, is frequently involved. This study describes the demographic and clinical profiles of children treated for camphor poisoning. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study analyzed cases of camphor poisoning in children admitted to Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital from June 2018 to January 2020. Data were collected on patient demographics, exposure routes, clinical symptoms, treatments, and outcomes. Results: Among 60 children studied, most were male infants and toddlers (85% aged 1-3 years). Oral ingestion was the most common route (91%). Generalized tonic-clonic seizures were the predominant symptom (91.8%), with seizures typically occurring within 30 minutes of exposure and lasting 5-10 minutes. Benzodiazepines were effective in 39% of cases, with a minority requiring mechanical ventilation. Neuroimaging was normal in 98.18% of cases. Conclusion: Camphor poisoning in children often leads to seizures but rarely causes long-term neurological damage. Neuroimaging has limited prognostic value. Prevention through parental education and safe storage practices is essential to reduce incidents.

Keywords: Camphor poisoning, pediatric seizures, accidental ingestion, neuroimaging, benzodiazepines

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