Microbial Bioactives
MicroBio Pharmaceuticals and Pharmacology | Online ISSN 2209-2161
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RESEARCH ARTICLE   (Open Access)
Contents Vol 7 (1)

Antioxidant Enzyme Deficiency and Oxidative Stress in Asthma: Implications for Therapeutic Antioxidant Strategies

Ali abdalla Hindi 1*, Zeyad Swadi Obaid AL-isawi 2, Sameem S. M. Baker 3

+ Author Affiliations

Microbial Bioactives 7 (1) 1-6 https://doi.org/10.25163/microbbioacts.7110104

Submitted: 01 August 2024 Revised: 16 September 2024  Published: 17 September 2024 

Abstract

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses. ey oxidative stress markers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and malondialdehyde (MDA), provide insights into the pathophysiology of asthma. This study aimed to evaluate oxidative stress markers in asthmatic patients by measuring antioxidant enzyme levels and lipid peroxidation products. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at Alsader Medical City in Najaf, involving 87 asthmatic patients (46 males, 41 females) and 33 healthy controls matched by age and sex. Blood samples were collected, and serum levels of SOD, CAT, GST, and MDA were measured using standardized biochemical assays. Statistical analysis was performed to assess group differences and gender-based variations, with a significance level of p<0.05p < 0.05p<0.05. Results: Asthmatic patients exhibited significantly lower SOD (44.1–89.38 U/L vs. 74–94.5 U/L, p<0.001p < 0.001p<0.001), CAT (0.015–0.106 km/min vs. 0.036–0.12 km/min, p<0.001p < 0.001p<0.001), and GST (3.1–18.7 U/L vs. 5.9–19 U/L, p<0.05p < 0.05p<0.05) levels compared to controls. In contrast, MDA levels were markedly elevated (2.2–13.46 µM vs. 0.63–6.59 µM, p<0.001p < 0.001p<0.001), indicating heightened oxidative stress. Gender-based comparisons among asthmatic patients revealed no significant differences in oxidative stress markers between males and females, suggesting a uniform impact of oxidative stress irrespective of sex. Conclusion: The findings highlight a significant oxidative imbalance in asthmatic patients, characterized by reduced antioxidant enzyme activities and elevated lipid peroxidation. These results underscore the role of oxidative stress in asthma pathogenesis and suggest that antioxidant-based therapeutic strategies could mitigate disease severity. Further research is needed to explore personalized approaches to managing oxidative stress in asthma.

Keywords: Asthma, Oxidative stress, Antioxidant enzymes, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Biomarker analysis

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