Angiogenesis, Inflammation & Therapeutics | Online ISSN  2207-872X
RESEARCH ARTICLE   (Open Access)

Effect of Plumbago zeylanica on Analgesia and Arthritis

Subasini Uthirapathy1*

+ Author Affiliations

Journal of Angiotherapy 7(1) 1-7 https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.719370

Submitted: 25 October 2023  Revised: 24 November 2023  Published: 24 November 2023 

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory joint condition that causes oxidative damage and inflammation. The current study evaluates the safety and effectiveness of an 85 percent methanolic extract of Plumbago zeylanica (PZ). Methods: The acute toxicity study is used to calculate the LD50 value in the safety profile. The hot plate and tail immersion procedures are both used to examine the analgesic effect in the efficacy profile. Paw edema caused by carrageenan was investigated for its ability to reduce inflammation and complete Freund's adjuvant produced arthritis was tested for anti-arthritic activity. Results: Various phytochemical analyses, including qualitative and quantitative analyses of 85 % methanolic extract and raw materials. The extract exhibits analgesic effects by increasing the reaction time in both the hot plate and tail immersion procedures. In Freund's adjuvant-induced paw edema, the anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract is 30.42 % and 16.90 %, respectively. Conclusion: The PZ extract raises the level of antioxidants and lowers the oxidative stress caused by arthritis caused by complete Freund's adjuvant. PZ has a lot of secondary metabolites that can help with pain, inflammation, and free radicals.

Key words: Phytoconstituents, Tail immersion method, Carrageenan, Hot plate method, Carrageenan, Complete Freund’s adjuvant

References

Albert, J., Akula, G., Ahamad, J., Uthirapathy, S. (2022). Cobra Venom Neutralization Effect by Hemidesmus indicus Root Extract. Eurasian Journal of Science and Engineering, 8(3), 243-250.

Bioactive Phytochemicals: Drug Discovery to Product Development. Chapter 6: Pharmacological Evaluation of Herbal Medicine. Bentham Books, BMSBPDDPD-2020-HT1-1449-6; eISBN: 978-981-14-6448-5. https://benthambooks.com/book/9789811464485/chapter/187236/

Chang C, Yang M, Won H, Chorn J, Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods, J Food drug analysis, 10, 2006, 178-182.

David, M.L., Michael, E.W. (2001) Review: Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet, 358, 903–11.

Dubois, M., Giles, M.K., Hamilton, J.K., Reber, P.A., Smith, R. (1954). Colorimetric methods for the determination of sugar and related substances. Anal chem, 28, 350-356.

Ellman, G.L. (1959).  Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biphys, 82, 70-77.

Firestein, G. S.  (2003). Evolving concept of rheumatoid arthritis. Nature, 423, 356–61.

G. Krishnamoorthy, G., Shabi, M.M., Ravindhran, D., Uthirapathy, S., Rajamanickam, G.V., and Dubey, G.P. (2009). Nardostachys jatamansi: cardioprotective and hypolipidemic herb J. Pharm. Res., 2 (2009), 574-578

Kamanli, A., Naziroglu, M., Aydilek, N., and Hacievliyagil, C. (2004). Plasma lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cell Biochem Funct, 22, 53–57.

Kantha Deivi Arunachalam., Velmurugan P., Balaji Raja R. (2010). Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Effects of Extract from Plumbago zeylanica. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 4(12), 1239-1245.

Mohammed, S., Qasm, S., Hameed, Z., Walzi, P., and Uthirapathy, S. (2022). Anti-inflammatory activity of Magic Spice Fruits of Sumac (Rhus coriaria L). Eurasian Journal of Science and Engineering, 8(3),139-149

Nicholls, D.G., Budd, S.L. (2000).  Mitochondria and neuronal survival. Physiol Rev, 80, 315–60.

Okhawa, W.O., and Yag,i K. (1979).  Assay formulation lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem, 95, 351-354.

Okwu, D.E. (2005). Phytochemicals, vitamins and mineral contents of two Nigerian medicinal plants. Int J Mol Med Adv Sci, 1, 375-371.

Quality standards of Indian medicinal plants. (2004).  Indian Counc Med Res, 5, 246–55

Rotruck, J.T., Pope, A.L., Ganther, H.E., Swanson, A.B., Hafeman, D.G., Hoekstra, W.G. (1973). Selenium: Biochemical Role as a Component of Glutathione Peroxidase. Science, 1179, 588-590.

Sarojini, Y., Nittala, S.S. (1999). Vitamin C content of some macroalgae of Visakhapatnam, East coast of India. Indian J Mar Sci, 28, 408–412.

Shabi, M.M., Uthirapathy, S., Raj, C.D., Krishnamoorthy, G., Ravindhran, D., Joseph, J., et al. (2014).  Analgesic and anti-arthritic effect of Enicostemma littorale Blume. Adv Biosci Biotechnol, 5, 1018.

Shabi, M.M., Uthrapathy, S., Raj, C., Krishnamoorthy, G., Ravindhran, D., Joseph, J. and Rajamanickam, V. (2014). Analgesic and Anti-Arthritic Effect of Enicostemma littorale Blume. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 5, 1018-1024. doi: 10.4236/abb.2014.513116

Sharma, S., Lakshmi, K.S., Patidar, A., Chaudhary, A., Dhaker, S. (2009). Studies on anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract of leaves of Holoptelea integrifolea Planch. in rats. Indian J Pharmacol, 41, 87–8.

Sinha, A.K. (1972).  Colorimetric assay of catalase. Anal Biochem, 47(2), 389–934.

Subasini, U., Rajamanickam, G.V., Dubey, G.P., Prabhu, P.C., Sahayam, S. (2007).  Hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna: a potential hepatoprotective herb. Journal of Biological Sciences, 7(2), 255-262.

Subasini, U., Sundaraganapathy, R., Ananda Thangadurai, S., Malathi, R., Victor Rajamanickam G. (2011). Determination of Nutritive value for certain South Indian Indigenous Species. Int J Pharm & Ind Res, 1(1), 17-21.

Subasini, U., Thenmozhi, S., Sathyamurthy, D., Vetriselvan, S., Rajamanickam, G.V, et al. (2013).  Pharmacognostic and phytochemical investigations of Dioscorea bulbifera L. Int J Pharm Life Sci, 4, 2693-2700.

Tahsin, T., Arif, A., Bayrakdar, B., and Uthirapathy, S. (2022). In-Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Avocado Fruit Oil in Erbil, Kurdistan Region. Eurasian Journal of Science and Engineering, 8(3), 298-307.

 Tamilarasi, C.T., Subasini, U., Kavimani, S., and Jaykar, B. (2000).  Phytochemical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Ampelocissus latifolia. Ancient Sci Life, 20(1), 1-6.

Thenmozhi, S., and Subasini, U. (2016).  Anatomical and physicochemical evaluation of Vitex Pinnata leaves. Eur J Biomed Pharm Sci, 3(1), 191-201.

Thenmozhi, S., Subasini, U., Kameshwaran, S., Dhanalakshmi, M., Rajamanickam, G.V. (2013). Morpho-anatomical and preliminary phytochemical studies of leaves of Gynandropsis pentaphylla Linn. Int J of Pharm & Life Sci, 4(7), 2800-2809.

Thenmozhi, S., Subasini, U., Sathyamurthy, D., Varadharaju, S., Soundappan, K. (2012). Pharmacognostic evaluation and phytochemical studies on leaves of Vitex leucoxylon Linn. Pharm J, 4(31), 16–22.

Toufektsian, M.C., Boucher, F.R., Tanguy, S., Morel, S., De leiris, J.G. (2001).  Cardiac toxicity of singlet oxygen: implication in reperfusion injury. Antioxid Redox Signal, 3, 63–69.

Uthirapathy, S. (2019).  Novel Biomarkers of Atherogenic Diet Induced Dyslipidemia and Metabolic Syndrome Suppressed by Terminalia arjuna. Int. J. Pharma. Sci. Res, 10, 2528–2536.

  Vetriselvan, S., Subasini, U., Velmurugan, C., Muthuramu, T., Shankar, J and Revathy. (2013). “Anti-inflammatory activity of Cucumis sativus seed in carrageenan and xylene induced edema model using albino wistar rats.” Int. J. of Biopharmaceutics, 4, (1), 34-37.

Yogeeta, S.K., Gnanapragasam, A., Kumar, S.S., Subashini, R., Devaki, T. (2006). Synergistic interaction of ferulic acid with ascorbic acid: its cardio protective role during isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. Mol Cell Biochem, 283, 139–146.

PDF
Full Text
Export Citation

View Dimensions


View Plumx



View Altmetric



8
Save
0
Citation
540
View
0
Share