Journal of Angiotherapy
Integrative Biomedical Research | Online ISSN  2207-872X
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RESEARCH ARTICLE   (Open Access)
Contents Vol 8 (12)

Biological Maturity in Youth Athletes: Comparing Upper-Lower Body Ratios and Second Molar Eruption

Ananda Perwira Bakti1*, Nining Widyah Kusnanik2, Endang Sri Wahjuni3, Heryanto Nur Muhammad4, Yetty Septiani Mustar1, Bayu Agung Pramono6, Indra Himawan Susanto1

+ Author Affiliations

Journal of Angiotherapy 8 (12) 1-8 https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.81210121

Submitted: 07 October 2024 Revised: 21 December 2024  Published: 22 December 2024 

Abstract

Background: In youth sports, training and competition are traditionally structured based on chronological age. However, variations in biological maturity can lead to mismatches in competition, increasing the risk of injuries and affecting performance. Assessing biological maturity is essential for optimizing training strategies and ensuring fair competition. This study compares the effectiveness of upper-to-lower body measurements and second molar eruption in determining physical maturity in boys aged 10–14. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 20 male football players aged 10–14 years from the Unesa children's football club. Anthropometric measurements were taken to assess upper and lower body lengths, and the upper-to-lower body ratio was calculated. Dental maturity was evaluated based on the eruption status of second molars. Statistical analysis, including a one-sample t-test, was performed to compare these indicators against maturity benchmarks. Results: The mean upper body length was 73.22 cm, while the lower body length averaged 79.88 cm, yielding an upper-to-lower body ratio of 0.91, indicative of physical maturity. Second molar eruption assessment revealed that 90% of participants had fully erupted second molars, whereas 10% had incomplete dental development. A significant correlation was found between the upper-to-lower body ratio and second molar eruption, confirming their reliability in assessing physical maturity. Conclusion: The findings suggest that both upper-to-lower body measurements and second molar eruption provide reliable indicators of biological maturity in adolescent athletes. Integrating these assessments can enhance the accuracy of athlete classification, optimize training programs, and promote fair competition in youth sports. Future research should explore additional biological markers to refine age-group classifications further.

Keywords: Biological maturity, Upper-to-lower body ratio, Second molar eruption, Youth athlete development, Physical growth assessment

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