Advancing Myocardial Infarction Management: Guideline Adherence, Diagnostic Innovations, and Long-term Outcome Optimization

Saleh Obaid Abdullah Alghadeer; Nezar Mohammad Mutlaq Alshammari; Hassan Mashe Noman Alshammari; &rlm;Shaiem Halul Swilem Al-Enazi; Nuha Sameer Al Anizi; &rlm;Enas Salem Alruwaili; &rlm;Hamdan Ali Al Alyani; &rlm;Abdulelah Mohammed Mubashir Alamri; Wejdan Amein Abdullah; Zaina Zaki Almohammed; Reham Mohammad Alsoulaimi; Salman Fahad Ali Aldubayyan; Suhoud Saud Alotaibi; Abdullah Abdulrahman Alkhamees; Motaeb Nasser Faihan Alotaibi; Ahmed Abdulkarim Sulaiman Alnughaymishi

doi:10.25163/angiotherapy.8110095

Angiogenesis, Inflammation & Therapeutics | Online ISSN 2207-872X

REVIEWS (Open Access)

Advancing Myocardial Infarction Management: Guideline Adherence, Diagnostic Innovations, and Long-term Outcome Optimization

Saleh Obaid Abdullah Alghadeer ¹, Nezar Mohammad Mutlaq Alshammari ¹, Hassan Mashe Noman Alshammari ¹, ‏Shaiem Halul Swilem Al-Enazi ¹, Nuha Sameer Al Anizi ¹, ‏Enas Salem Alruwaili ¹, ‏Hamdan Ali Al Alyani ¹, ‏Abdulelah Mohammed Mubashir Alamri ¹, Wejdan Amein Abdullah ¹, Zaina Zaki Almohammed ¹, Reham Mohammad Alsoulaimi ¹, Salman Fahad Ali Aldubayyan ¹, Suhoud Saud Alotaibi ¹, Abdullah Abdulrahman Alkhamees ¹, Motaeb Nasser Faihan Alotaibi ¹, Ahmed Abdulkarim Sulaiman Alnughaymishi ¹*

+ Author Affiliations

Journal of Angiotherapy 8 (1) 1-12 https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.8110095

Submitted: 19 November 2023 Revised: 15 January 2024 Published: 15 January 2024

Abstract

Background: The accurate diagnosis and effective management of myocardial infarction (MI) are pivotal in reducing morbidity and mortality globally. Despite advancements in diagnostic criteria, guideline adherence, and therapeutic strategies, significant challenges remain in understanding short-term and long-term complications. Key initiatives, such as the Third and Fourth Universal Definitions of MI and cardiovascular disease statistics, have contributed valuable insights into the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of MI. Methods: This review synthesizes findings from recent studies, including cohort analyses and systematic reviews, addressing MI diagnostics and treatment. Special attention is given to guideline adherence, risk factor evaluation, and the evolving role of advanced imaging techniques like computed tomography angiography. The data were sourced from peer-reviewed journals and professional guidelines, including contributions from the European Society of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. Results: Adherence to statin therapy and other guidelines significantly reduced cardiac complications post-surgery. The role of high-sensitivity biomarkers and imaging in early diagnosis has improved clinical outcomes. However, gaps persist in applying universal definitions and risk scores, particularly in patients with atypical presentations. Studies underscore the importance of integrating psychosocial factors and comorbidities into risk assessments. Innovative diagnostic tools, such as Sgarbossa criteria and TIMI risk scores, continue to enhance predictive accuracy but require further validation in diverse populations. Conclusion: This review highlights the critical importance of standardizing diagnostic criteria, promoting guideline adherence, and leveraging advanced diagnostic modalities to improve MI management. Future research should focus on addressing disparities in healthcare access, optimizing personalized interventions, and evaluating long-term outcomes of current therapeutic strategies. Collaborative efforts between clinicians, researchers, and policymakers are essential to reducing the global burden of MI and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords: Myocardial Infarction, Guideline Adherence, Diagnostic Advances, Risk Stratification, Cardiovascular Outcomes

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