Epigenetic Modifications in Personalized Medicine: Advancing Targeted Therapies through Genomic Insights
Moushumi Afroza Mou 1*, Mimnu Tasnim 2
Journal of Precision Biosciences 5(1) 1-6 https://doi.org/10.25163/biosciences.515803
Submitted: 12 January 2023 Revised: 20 March 2023 Published: 22 March 2023
Abstract
Background: Epigenetic modifications, such as non-coding RNA molecules, histone modifications, and DNA methylation, significantly impact an individual's health trajectory by regulating gene expression. Understanding these modifications offers unprecedented opportunities for precision medicine, allowing for more personalized healthcare strategies. Methods: This review explores the role of epigenetic changes in precision medicine, emphasizing the use of epigenetic biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment stratification. It examines their applications across various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular conditions, and discusses the potential for tailoring interventions based on individual epigenetic profiles. Results: Epigenetic biomarkers have emerged as critical tools in precision medicine. For instance, specific DNA methylation patterns can distinguish between cancer subtypes and guide targeted therapies. Epigenetic signatures also enhance the prediction of medication responses and potential adverse effects, enabling more precise treatment strategies across diverse disease spectrums. Conclusion: Incorporating epigenetic data into precision medicine shifts healthcare away from a one-size-fits-all model toward individualized therapies. Although challenges such as standardization of methodologies and understanding the genetic-epigenetic interplay remain, the integration of epigenetic insights into clinical practice holds promise for revolutionizing personalized healthcare.
Keywords: Epigenetics, Precision Medicine, Dna Methylation, Histone Modifications, Personalized Healthcare.
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