Impact of Adropin, Adiponectin, and Insulin Variations in Type 2 Diabetes

Hala Abdullah Ali ^1*, Iktifaa Abdel Hamid ¹

This study revealed significant hormonal differences in adropin, adiponectin, and insulin between T2DM patients and healthy individuals in Kirkuk.

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition impacting biological fitness and overall health, with projections indicating a significant rise in cases globally. This study investigates the levels of adropin and adiponectin hormones in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Iraq, aiming to elucidate their potential roles in the disease's pathophysiology. Methods: Ninety blood samples were collected from 50 T2DM patients (25 females, 25 males) and 40 healthy individuals (20 females, 20 males) in Kirkuk between October 2023 and January 2024. Hormone levels were analyzed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. Samples were categorized based on gender, age, and body mass index (BMI). Results: Adropin levels were significantly lower in T2DM patients (1369 ± 76.8 ng/ml) compared to healthy controls (1606 ± 42.5 ng/ml), with male patients showing a more pronounced decrease than females. In contrast, no significant difference was observed in adiponectin levels between diabetic patients (179.4 ± 28.9 mg/L) and controls (182.0 ± 38.6 mg/L). Additionally, age did not significantly affect adropin levels, while adiponectin levels were consistent across genders and age groups in both diabetic and control participants. Conclusion: The study indicates a significant reduction in adropin levels among T2DM patients, suggesting its potential role in diabetes pathophysiology, irrespective of age. Adiponectin levels remained unaffected by diabetes status, gender, or age, indicating a complex relationship that warrants further investigation. These findings emphasize the importance of managing blood glucose levels and highlight the need for further research into the mechanisms linking adropin with metabolic processes in T2DM.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Adropin, Adiponectin, Insulin, Hormonal Biomarkers

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