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Author Instructions

Instructions and Guidelines for Authors

Welcome to Paradise Journal. We invite researchers, academicians, and professionals from the fields of life sciences, engineering, business, and natural sciences to submit their original research and scholarly work. This document provides detailed instructions to help you prepare and submit manuscripts in accordance with our journal’s standards and policies. Please read these guidelines carefully before submitting your work to ensure a smooth and efficient peer review and publication process.

Manuscript Submission

To submit your manuscript, please use our online manuscript submission system. Click the Submit a Manuscript link on our website, which will direct you to our secure submission platform. We do not accept manuscripts via email or postal mail.

Important: Manuscripts not adhering to these guidelines or failing to comply with journal standards will be returned to authors for correction and resubmission, which may delay the review process.

Author Responsibilities and Mandatory Forms

Upon preliminary editorial office verification that your manuscript meets the journal’s formatting and scope requirements, each author will receive an email requesting the completion of essential documents:

Author Responsibility Statement
Publication Ethics Compliance
Financial Disclosure Statement
Copyright Transfer Agreement

These forms are crucial to ensure transparency, ethical conduct, and proper transfer of rights. The email will contain a direct link to the PDF form for your completion.

All authors must complete and submit these forms before the manuscript proceeds to peer review.

Instructions for Colloquia and Supplementary Features

We occasionally publish special issues, colloquia, and supplementary materials that complement our main journal content. If you plan to submit such material, please download and follow the Instructions for Colloquia and Supplement Features from the journal website.

Manuscripts outside these instructions may be returned for revision.

Publication Ethics

Paradise Journal strictly adheres to the principles outlined by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). By submitting your manuscript, you confirm the following:

The work has not been previously published, except as an abstract, part of an oral presentation, academic thesis, or in a non-commercial form approved by the journal.
The manuscript is not under consideration elsewhere nor in the process of publication.
All listed authors have approved the submission and are aware of its contents.
The research presented is the original work of the authors, free from falsification, fabrication, plagiarism (including self-plagiarism without citation), or misappropriation of data.
Any ethical concerns or conflicts of interest have been fully disclosed.

Cases of ethical misconduct will be thoroughly investigated and addressed in line with COPE guidelines, including but not limited to retraction or correction of published work if warranted.

For more information, please consult:

COPE Code of Conduct for Journal Editors
COPE Code of Conduct for Publishers

1. Peer Review Process

Manuscripts that fall within the scope of Paradise Journal and hold potential interest for our readership undergo a rigorous peer review process to ensure scientific integrity and quality.

Upon submission, manuscripts are initially assessed by the Editorial Office for compliance with journal guidelines and scope.
Suitable manuscripts are then sent to at least two independent experts for double-blind peer review.
Reviewers provide detailed recommendations, after which the Editor-in-Chief or assigned Handling Editor makes a final decision: acceptance, revision request, or rejection.
Manuscripts requiring revision must address reviewer comments comprehensively.
Accepted manuscripts undergo professional copyediting, formatting, and proofreading to conform with journal style.

Upon final author approval of proofs, articles are published online as both formatted PDF and full-text HTML versions for maximum accessibility.

2. Manuscript Preparation

2.1 File Formats

The manuscript must be submitted in Microsoft Word format (versions 97 to 2016 or later).
Include all figures, schemes, and tables embedded within the manuscript immediately after the paragraph in which they are first cited.
Chemical structures should be submitted as original drawing files (e.g., ChemDraw .cdx) to ensure clarity and quality.

2.2 Language and Style

Manuscripts must be written exclusively in English, either British or American English, but not mixed.
Authors should follow the ACS Style Guide (3rd edition, 2006) for scientific nomenclature, symbols, units, abbreviations, italics, and punctuation.
IUPAC conventions are preferred for chemical nomenclature.
Define all non-standard abbreviations on first use and maintain consistency throughout.
For biological/biomedical data, adhere to applicable standards and checklists available at BioSharing.
Experimental kinetic or binding data should comply with STRENDA DB standards (www.strenda-db.org) and provide “Fact Sheets” as supplementary material.
Manuscripts should be concise and focused, providing necessary background without superfluous details.
Non-native English speakers are encouraged to have their manuscripts professionally edited or reviewed by colleagues proficient in English.
Clear, simple, and precise scientific communication is expected.

2.3 Typography and Formatting

Use single-column text with double line spacing.
Common fonts such as Arial, Times New Roman, Helvetica, or Courier are recommended.
Avoid manual hyphenation at line breaks.
Use line breaks only at the end of paragraphs or headings, not to artificially adjust line length.
Number all pages consecutively.
Footnotes are not permitted.
Use the “Symbol” font for Greek and special characters; if unavailable, spell out the character name.

2.4 Article Types

Authors must assign their manuscript to one of the following types, based on content and length:

Full Research Paper: Comprehensive reports of original research with detailed results and discussions.
Letter: Short communications of novel and urgent findings.
Review: Critical overviews synthesizing current knowledge on specific topics.
Book Report: Reviews or summaries of recently published books.
Commentary: Opinion pieces, perspectives, or debates on current issues.

If uncertain, classify the manuscript as a Full Research Paper.

2.5 Organization of Full Research Papers

Manuscripts for Full Research Papers should be structured as follows:

Title

Concise, descriptive, and clear.
Use sentence case: capitalize only the first word and proper nouns.
Avoid abbreviations unless universally recognized.

Authors’ Names and Affiliations

List full names with middle initials as applicable.
Provide institutional addresses in the order: Department, Institution, Street/PO Box, City, Postal Code, Country.
Use superscript numerals to link authors to affiliations if multiple institutions are involved.
Designate the corresponding author with an asterisk (*) and provide a valid email address.
ORCID iDs are strongly encouraged for all authors and can be linked during submission.

Abstract

Maximum length: 350 words.
Can be a single paragraph or structured into Background, Results, and Conclusions.
Use minimal abbreviations and avoid references or citations.

Keywords

Provide five keywords in alphabetical order, separated by semicolons.
Keywords should reflect the core topics of the manuscript for indexing.

Introduction

Written for a broad scientific audience without specialist knowledge in the topic.
Explain background, significance, aims, and rationale of the study.
Briefly describe what the manuscript reports.

Results and Discussion

Present and interpret the experimental findings.
Link results to existing literature and theories.
Avoid repeating data already shown in tables or figures unless necessary for discussion.
May be combined or presented as separate sections.

Conclusion (Optional)

Summarize the main interpretations, significance, and implications of the study.

Experimental (Optional)

Describe materials, methods, and protocols in sufficient detail to allow replication.
Details can also be included in Supporting Information.

Supporting Information

Include any additional data or methods supporting the main manuscript.
Each file should be referenced in the text (e.g., “see Supporting Information File 1”).
Describe each supporting file clearly with title, format, and content summary.

Acknowledgements (Optional)

Acknowledge non-author contributors, funding sources, and technical assistance.

References

Cite primary literature comprehensively but concisely.
Use APA style formatting for references.
Number references sequentially as they appear in text.
Place citations in square brackets [1], multiple citations separated by commas [2,3,5].
Avoid citations in titles, headings, or abstracts.
Include DOIs where available.
URLs should include the title and full link.
Reference lists should focus on recent, relevant, and original works.

To ensure clarity, consistency, and ease of reading, Paradise Journal requires all manuscript references and in-text citations to adhere to the following style conventions.

In-Text Citations

Single author: Cite the author’s last name followed by the year of publication in parentheses. Initials are not required unless to distinguish between authors with the same last name.
Example: (Smith, 2020)
Two authors: Include both authors’ last names connected by “and,” followed by the year.
Example: (Smith and Jones, 2019)
Three or more authors: Use the first author’s last name followed by “et al.” and the year of publication.
Example: (Smith et al., 2018)

Citations may be used directly within the text or parenthetically. When citing multiple sources together, list them first alphabetically by author, then chronologically by year of publication.
Example: as demonstrated (Allan, 1999, 2000a, 2000b; Allan and Jones, 1999). Kramer et al. (2010) recently showed...

Reference List

References must be arranged alphabetically by the last name of the first author and then sorted chronologically if multiple entries by the same author exist.
When citing multiple publications by the same author(s) from the same year, add lowercase letters after the year (e.g., 2023a, 2023b) to distinguish between them.

Examples of Reference Formats:

Journal Article:
Van der Geer, J., Hanraads, J. A. J., Lupton, R. A. (2010). The art of writing a scientific article. J. Sci. Commun., 163, 51–59.

Book:
Strunk Jr., W., White, E. B. (2000). The Elements of Style, 4th ed.; Longman: New York.

Chapter in an Edited Volume:
Mettam, G. R., Adams, L. B. (2009). How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: Jones, B. S., Smith, R. Z. (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age. E-Publishing Inc., New York, pp. 281–304.

Website:
Cancer Research UK. (1975). Cancer statistics reports for the UK. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/ (accessed 13.03.03).

Dataset:
[dataset] Oguro, M., Imahiro, S., Saito, S., Nakashizuka, T. (2015). Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions. Mendeley Data, v1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.

2.5 Graphics and Tables

Clear, well-prepared figures, schemes, and tables are vital to effectively communicate your findings. Please adhere strictly to the following guidelines for preparation and submission.

Preparation of Figures and Schemes

All figures and schemes must be embedded in the manuscript text immediately following the paragraph where they are first cited.
Following successful peer review, authors may be required to upload individual high-resolution graphic files separately.
Figures include all types of illustrations: diagrams, graphs, spectra, photographs, micrographs, etc.
Schemes primarily refer to reaction pathways or sequences.
Ensure figures are of sufficient quality for publication; poor-quality images may delay publication or be rejected.

Numbering and Legends

Figures and schemes are to be numbered consecutively using Arabic numerals according to their first citation (Figure 1, Figure 2, etc.).
Place the legend directly below each figure or scheme in the manuscript, not embedded in the image file.
Legends must start with the figure/scheme number in bold, followed by a colon, a detailed explanatory legend (up to 300 words), and an optional concise title (max 15 words).
Legends should be understandable without reference to other manuscript sections.
For multi-part figures (a, b, c...), label each part clearly in the legend.

File Format and Quality

Submit each figure/scheme as a single composite file, even if containing multiple parts.
Size should conform to column widths:
- Single column: 8.2 cm wide
- Double column: 16.8 cm wide
- Maximum height: 23.0 cm (including legend)
Image resolution:
- Raster images (photos, graphs): minimum 300 dpi (color) or 600 dpi (black and white).
- Vector images (diagrams, chemical structures): scalable without quality loss (SVG, CDX, EMF, WMF).
Crop figures tightly to remove unnecessary white space.
Maximum file size: 10 MB.
No charges for color images.

Accepted File Formats

Preferred formats: SVG (diagrams), PNG (photos), CDX (ChemDraw chemical structures), GIF, TIFF, JPEG, BMP (images), MML (mathematics), EMF, WMF (diagrams).

Chemical Structure Drawing Guidelines

Authors preparing chemical structures should follow these benchmarks to ensure consistency and clarity:

Parameter	Specification
Chain angle	120°
Bond spacing	18% of width
Fixed length	0.406 cm (11.5 pt)
Bold width	0.056 cm (1.6 pt)
Line width	0.018 cm (0.5 pt)
Margin width	0.046 cm (1.3 pt)
Hash spacing	0.071 cm (2 pt)
Scale	100%
Font	Arial
Font size	8 pt

Preparation of Tables

Insert all tables within the manuscript text, immediately following the paragraph where first mentioned.
Large datasets should be submitted as Supporting Information.
Tables must be created as cell-based tables using the word processor’s table function, not with tabs or manual spacing.
Do not use line breaks or tabs inside table cells.
Each table should be numbered consecutively (Table 1, Table 2, etc.) with a boldface Arabic numeral preceding a concise title.
Column headings must be clear and self-explanatory.
Footnotes should use lowercase superscript letters and be listed below the table. They explain abbreviations, special notes, or citations.
Tables should fit the column widths (8.2 cm single, 16.8 cm double).
No colors or shading in tables.
Individual compounds should be numbered in bold Arabic numerals, with lowercase letters distinguishing closely related compounds.
Supporting information tables may be uploaded as XLS, DOC, or CSV files.

Graphical Abstract

A separate graphical abstract file is mandatory.
It should visually summarize the article’s scope and key message.
Dimensions: 15 cm (width) by 5 cm (height).
Use colors sparingly and avoid duplication of graphics already in the main manuscript.

2.6 Supporting Information

Authors are encouraged to provide supplementary data to enhance transparency and reproducibility.

General Guidelines

Supporting information is uploaded separately, with individual files limited to 5 MB.
All files will be checked for viruses and peer-reviewed alongside the main manuscript.
Suitable content includes detailed experimental protocols, additional characterization data, spectra, graphs, photographs, X-ray crystallographic data, biochemical data, large tables, molecular models, animations, or videos.
Supporting information should target specialists and may include extensive raw or processed data.
Text pages in supporting files must be numbered consecutively (except CIF files) and begin with a title page listing manuscript title, authors, and affiliations.
Combine related spectra or images into single files where possible.
Crystallographic Information Files (CIF) should be uploaded separately.

Acceptable File Formats for Supporting Information

Type	Formats
Documents	PDF, Microsoft Word (97–2016 versions)
Animations	SWF (Shockwave Flash)
Movies	MOV (QuickTime), MPG (MPEG)
Tabular Data	XLS (Excel), CSV (Comma-separated values)

Ensure standard file extensions, especially on Mac systems.
Supporting files should not be interlinked.

2.7 Additions and Corrections

The corresponding author must contact the editorial office regarding any significant errors discovered after publication.
Corrections or additions affecting the scientific interpretation will be published if approved.
All original authors must consent to any amendments.

2.8 Cover Letter, Approvals, and General Information

Submission of a full research article expanding on a previously published letter or communication is permitted if it contains significant new data or insights.
The prior work must be properly cited, and a copy of the previous publication and related supporting information provided to editors confidentially.
Authors must disclose any related manuscripts submitted or under review elsewhere, submitting copies for confidential editorial review.
Previous submissions to Paradise Journal must be disclosed, including reviewer reports and detailed revision explanations.
Permission letters must be provided for any unpublished results, personal communications, or copyrighted material included.
Ethical approvals for human or animal studies must be documented, with compliance statements and informed consent declarations included in the experimental section.

3. Plagiarism Policy

Paradise Journal enforces a strict zero-tolerance policy on plagiarism and related ethical violations to maintain the integrity of the scientific record.

Definitions

Plagiarism: Using another’s ideas, words, or data without proper attribution or claiming them as one’s own.
Self-plagiarism: Republishing one's own previously published work or data without citation or transparency.
Examples include:
- Copying text verbatim without quotation or citation.
- Patchwriting (minor changes to wording without proper citation).
- Paraphrasing without acknowledging sources.
- Presenting data, images, or figures from others or from the author’s own prior publications without citation.
- Using large portions of text or ideas from other works, whether cited or not, without sufficient new contribution.

Editorial Actions

All manuscripts are screened using Similarity Check and other plagiarism detection tools.
Suspected plagiarism may lead to manuscript rejection, correction, or retraction.
Severe cases can result in a publication ban for up to two years from Paradise Journal and its affiliated journals.
Authors must warrant originality and exclusive submission upon manuscript submission.

Best Practices for Authors

Always use your own words when drafting manuscripts.
When directly quoting, use quotation marks sparingly and only when discussing the quoted text itself.
Cite all sources clearly and comprehensively at every place in the manuscript where they are relevant.
Ensure transparency regarding reuse of previously published material.

By rigorously adhering to these detailed guidelines on references, figures, tables, supporting information, ethics, and plagiarism, authors contribute to the high standards of quality, transparency, and trustworthiness that Paradise Journal is committed to maintaining.

If you need assistance with manuscript preparation or have any questions about the guidelines, please contact the editorial office directly. We are here to support you through every step of the publication process.